Climate change and Health Flashcards
The Health effects seemed to be multifactorial in terms of determining environmental factors and multilayered in terms of ________.
exposure pathways
______ is not directly shown to affect disease cases and data cannot even singled out a climate parameter associated with such cases.
climate parameters
What Risk Category does direct biologic consequences of:
- heatwaves
- extreme weather events
- temperature-enchanced levels of urban air pollutants
belong to?
Primary
What Risk Category does risks mediated by changes in biophysically and ecologically based processes and systems, particularly:
- food yields
- water flows
- infectious-disease vectors
- (for zoonotic diseases) intermediate-host ecology
belong to?
Secondary
What Risk Category do more diffuse effects:
- mental health problems
- disadvantaged indigenous and minority ethnic groups
- consequences of tension and conflict owing to climate change - related declines in basic resources (water, food, timber, living, space)
balong to?
Tertiary
What are the indicators of Early Health Effects of Climate Change?
- Increases in annual numbers of deaths and hospitalizations due to extreme heat, observed in a range of high-income and low-income countries.
- Increases in rates of injuries and deaths due to the rising frequency of weather disasters in many regions
-Extensions in the geographic range of several vector-borne infectious diseases or their vectors, including tick-
borne encephalitis in Sweden, the tick vector of Lyme disease in eastern Canada, and malaria in the western Kenyan highlands
- Although less certain, increases in the tempo of coastal outbreaks of cholera relative to the warming of
coastal waters and El Niño events Increases in the price of some staple foods, especially in vulnerable, food-insecure regions, leading to nutri-
tional deprivation in low-income households
Factor that impacts population Health that Refers to:
- Population growth
- Urbanization
- Increased density
- Aging
- Increased mobility
- Family structures
Demographic Changes
Factor that impacts population Health that Refers to:
- Institutions
- Governance
- International codes
- Cultural diffusion
Social Changes
Factor that impacts population Health that Refers to:
- Trade and capital mobility
- Labor conditions
- Wealth creation and distribution
- International aid: financial and health care.
Economic Activity
Factor that impacts population Health that Refers to:
- Degradation of land and water
- Depletion of resources
- Ecosystem disturbances
Large Scale and Systemic Environmental Impacts
____ has brought new, large-scale influences to bear on patterns of human health
Rapid globalization
Various global-scale changes (Enumerate the 4 types) are linked, for example, to the increased prevalence of obesity, changes in regional food yields, the emergence of infectious diseases, the spread of cigarette smoking, and the persistence of health disparities.
- economic,
- social
- demographic
- environmental (particularly climatic)
For populations to live sustainably and with good long-term health, the health sector must work with other sectors in reshaping how human societies plan, build, move, produce, consume, share, and generate energy.
T or F
T
Mosquitoes become infected via a blood meal from an infected human, with DENV replicating in the mosquito midgut for 3–5 days before needing up to 14 days to move to the salivary gland.
T or F
T
The mature virus is then able to infect susceptible humans via a bite from this now-infected mosquito.
T or F
T
