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Geography > Climate Change > Flashcards

Climate Change Flashcards

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1
Q

What has happened during the Quaternary Period?

A

Gradual overall cooling

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2
Q

What are the cold spikes called in the graph?

A

glacial periods

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3
Q

What are the warm spikes called in the graph?

A

interglacial periods

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4
Q

evidence x4 of climate change

A
  1. global temperature data
  2. ice cores drilled out
  3. tree rings
  4. paintings and diaries
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5
Q

what is the consequence of climate change?

A

sea levels rise

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6
Q

social consequences of climate change (x3)

A
  1. people have to move out
  2. people may lose jobs
  3. damage to property
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7
Q

economic consequences of climate change (x5)

A
  1. important world cities affected by flooding
  2. valuable agricultural land lost
  3. transport systems damaged
  4. valuable property/land lost
  5. lack of tourism - beaches eroded
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8
Q

environmental consequences of climate change (x4)

A
  1. fresh water supplies polluted by salty water (salinisation)
  2. coastal ecosystems damaged
  3. damage to coral reefs
  4. harbours become blocked by sediment because of more erosion
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9
Q

human cause of climate change

A

greenhouse effect

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10
Q

what is carbon dioxide caused by? (x3)

A
  1. burning fossil fuels
  2. deforestation (burning wood)
  3. industrial processes
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11
Q

what is methane caused by? (x2)

A
  1. livestock emissions

2. decay of organic waste

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12
Q

what are nitrous oxides caused by? (x2)

A
  1. vehicle exhausts

2. agri + industrial processes

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13
Q

what are natural causes of climate change? (x3)

A
  1. changes is earth’s orbit
  2. volcanic activity
  3. variations in energy from sun
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14
Q

what is the Milankovitch cycle?

A

cyclical time periods that relate to the Earth’s orbit around the sun

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15
Q

Name 3 Milankovitch cycles…

A
  1. precession
  2. axial tilt
  3. eccentricity
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16
Q

what is the precession?

A

natural wobble of the earth

17
Q

what is the axial tilt?

A

the earth’s axis is currently tilted at 23.5 degrees

it moves back and forth between 21.5-24.5

18
Q

what does a greater degree of the worlds tilt mean?

A

higher average temperatures

19
Q

what is eccentricity?

A

path of the earth around sun

it’s not fixed - changes from being circular to mildly elliptical

20
Q

what happens when the earth’s orbit is circular?

A

there is a colder period

21
Q

what happens when the earth’s orbit is elliptical?

A

there is a warmer period

22
Q

how does volcanic activity cause climate change?

A

fine particles of ash block out sun

23
Q

what are sunspots

A

dark areas on sun

24
Q

what effect do sunspots have

A

the more sunspots the more heat energy from sun

Geography (5 decks)

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