climate change Flashcards
Ekman transport is the net movement of water 90 degree to the ( ) of the wind in the southern Hemisphere
Left
Subtropical gyres of the North Pacific and North Atlantic rotate in a ( ) sense.
Clockwise
El Nino conditions have been ( ) to the Peruvian fishing industry.
Harmful
( The Peruvian fishing industry is vulnerable to El Nino)
Monsoons are large-scale seasonal wind systems typified by a summer, ( ) monsoon flow and a winter ( ) flow.
- Onshore
- Offshore
Black Carbon an ( ) that producing warming of the system
Aerosol
(that enters atmosphere as soot)
Loss of high-latitude permafrost affects the climate system primarily due to ( ).
Methane Emissions
Volcanic activity producing ( ) can lead to cooling of earth over a several year period.
Sulfur dioxide and ash (anything relating to sulfur)
By principle of continuity, Horizontal convergence near the surface and horizontal diverging at upper levels must be accompanied by ( ) air motions.
Rising
Surface wind direction around Northern Hemisphere center of High pressure are ( ) and Outward.
Clockwise
The gradient wind involves the interaction of the ( ).
Horizontal pressure
Gradient Coriolis Force
Centripetal Force
The Coriolis effect deflects to the ( ) in the Southern Hemisphere.
Left
Fog may considered a cloud in contact with ground. True or False?
True
Climate exhibit more precipitation on the
( ) side of mountain ranges.
Windward
Air commonly becomes saturated, as in cloud formation, typically by ( ) cooling
Expansional
The specific heat of water is ( ) the specific heats of other common substances.
Higher than
Transfer of heat in motions of humid air without temperature differences is exclusively via ( ) heat transfer.
Latent
With more sunspots, the sun conveys more energy to Earth. Is it true?
True
Which oscillation is relevant to “snowmaggedon” in East Cost of the United States?
Artic Oscillation
Weaker trade winds will lead to an ( ) condition in the eastern tropical pacific and ( ) will likely to arise.
- Warmer
- El Nino
If the winds is easterly over an ocean region in the northern hemisphere, what direction does the total water column move according to Ekman transport?
From south to north
Which of the following best describe the direction of northern hemisphere jet stream?
Towards East (right)
The world’s deserts are found at 30 degrees latitude because?
The sinking air of the sub-tropical highs
An air parcel has a vapor pressure of 10MB and a temperature of 20 degrees. You read from the chart that the saturation vapor pressure is 10MB at 8 Degree. What is the dew point of the air parcel?
8
A large air mass moves from east to west in the northern Hemisphere mid-latitude.
What is the direction of the Coriolis Force acting upon air mass?
North
If water vapor comprises 3.5% of an air parcel whose total pressure is 100mb, the water vapor pressure would be?
35MB
In which of the following is heat released to the environment?
- Deposition
- Condensation
- Freezing
The most significant forcing acting to warm earths climate is ( ).
Carbon Dioxide
( Anthropogenic, greenhouse gases)
Milankovitch and others demonstrated that solar energy received by earth changed during the most recent Ice age due to the orbital ( ).
- Eccentricity
- Tilt of axis
- Precession of axis
The fastest-flowing ocean currents are typically found along the ( ) portions of the ocean basins.
Western
Mid to upper tropospheric Rossby wave patterns display variable degrees to meridional component or ( ) flows.
North to south
