climate change

Question 1

what is climate change

Answer 1

climate change is the average weather of the region over a period of time

Question 2

evidence for climate change

Answer 2

-tree rings
-ice and sediment cores
-shrinking glaciers and melting ice
-rising sea levels
-pollen analysis
temperature records
seasonal changes

Question 3

tree rings

Answer 3

-as a tree grows it forms a new ring each year
-scientist take cores of trees and count the rings to see age of tree
-wider widths of rings the hotter it is

Question 4

ice and sediment cores

Answer 4

-ice sheets are made of layers of ice, 1 layer is formed each year
-scientists drill into ice sheets to get long cores of ice
-trapped gases can tell what the temperature was each year

Question 5

shrinking glaciers and melting ice

Answer 5

-rapid melting of ice globally
-sea ice has thinned by 70% since 1970
-if glaciers start to melt then by 2050 they’ll be gone
-scientists measure the size of the ice sheet

Question 6

rising sea levels

Answer 6

-increase in ocean surface
-process of thermal expansion
-numerous low lying coastal locations have been affected
-albedo affect is reduced when ice is melting

Question 7

seasonal changes

Answer 7

-seasonal events such as tree blossoming are starting earlier

Question 8

pollen analysis

Answer 8

-pollen from plants get preserved in sediment
-scientists can identify and date the preserved pollen to see which species were present at the time

Question 9

what are the natural causes of climate change?

Answer 9

-orbital theory
-sunspots
-volcanic eruption
-astroid collisions

Question 10

orbital theory

Answer 10

-every 100,000 years the earths orbit changes from circular to elliptical
-during this cycle the earths closer to the sun and this leads to global warming

Question 11

volcanic eruption
GLOBAL WARMING

Answer 11

-when they erupt large amounts of ash is emitted into atmosphere
-thick barrier to prevent sun

Question 12

sunspots
GLOBAL WARMING

Answer 12

-sun goes through a cycle of giving more heat
-sun has black spots on its surface which gives out more heat
-every 12 years

Question 13

astroid collisions
GLOBAL COOLING

Answer 13

-once every 500,000 years an astroid of 1km hits Earth
-millions of dust is blasted into earth and blocks sunlight and is reflected back into space
-cools the planet and lowers averages temperature

Question 14

what Are the human causes of climate change

Answer 14

-agriculture and farming
-transportation
-industries
-fossil fuels
-deforestation

Question 15

local impacts of climate change:
UK

Answer 15

-extreme rainfall
-flash floods
-heat waves
-average length of heatwave increased from 5 to 15 days

Question 16

global impacts of climate change:
Bangladesh

Answer 16

-one of vulnerable countries at risk
-rising sea levels flooded a quarter of it
-people displaced as homes flooded
-loss of farmland
-LIC

Question 17

2 ways of managing climate change

Answer 17

-mitigation
-adaptation

Question 18

what is mitigation

Answer 18

stopping climate change from happening by stopping greenhouse gases from being released

Question 19

what is adaptation

Answer 19

adjusting to the effects of climate change

Question 20

3 ways of mitigating climate change

Answer 20

-renewable energy
-carbon capture and storage
-planting trees

Question 21

how does renewable energy help reduce rate of climate change?

Answer 21

creates no direct greenhouse gas emissions
no air pollution emissions

Question 22

how does carbon capture and storage work

Answer 22

capture co2 molecules and bury dar down where they can’t escape

Question 23

how does carbon capture help reduce rate of climate change

Answer 23

doesn’t contribute to human enhanced greenhouse effect

Question 24

how does afforestation (planting trees) help reduce rate of climate change

Answer 24

trees act as carbon sinks and absorb the co2

Question 25

what is extreme weather

Answer 25

weather out of the ordinary

Question 26

examples of extreme weather in the UK

Answer 26

-strong winds
-heatwaves
-thunder +lightning storms
-snowstorms
-heavy rain
-drought
-floods

Question 27

where are the Somerset levels?

Answer 27

South West of England in the northern hemisphere. Atlantic Ocean to the west. East of the Bristol Channel

Question 28

why did Somerset levels flood

Answer 28

-low lying land= rising sea levels, heavy rainfall
-flat lands
-river parret bursts its banks=overflode

Question 29

causes of the Somerset levels

Answer 29

-rain
-high tides
-dredging

Question 30

effects of the Somerset levels

Answer 30

-600 homes flooded
-power supplies cut off
-people stranded
-£10 million costs
-1000 livestock had to be evacuated
-railway line closed=jobs disrupted
-ecosystems destroyed

Question 31

how to manage Somerset floods?

Answer 31

-temporary flood defences
-pumping flood water from land to rivers
-sending alerts and warnings
*dredging
*drain enhancements