Climate

Question 1

Define “Weather”

Answer 1

The day to day conditions of the atmosphere

Question 2

Give four examples of weather

Answer 2

Temperature, Precipitation (rain,snow,fog), Cloud cover, Wind

Question 3

Define Climate

Answer 3

The average weather conditions over a long period of time

Question 4

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 4

A possible cause of global warming in which the earths heat is trapped by carbon dioxide is released into atmosphere by fossil fuel consumption

Question 5

Name two climate features that influence weather

Answer 5

El Niño and The Polar Vortex

Question 6

What is El Niño?

Answer 6

A low pressure system that is developed in the North Pacific ocean and disrupts normal weather patterns

Question 7

what is the polar vortex?

Answer 7

A prevailing wind of extremely cold air that circles the arctic

Question 8

What is the largest financial loss due to natural causes in Canada’s history?

Answer 8

Ice storm 1998

Question 9

When was “snowmaggedon”?

Answer 9

December 14, 2010

Question 10

Describe the events during snowmaggedon.

Answer 10

A snowstorm in which white out conditions two separate 30 car pile up when death and the closing of highway 402 between Sarnia and Strathroy.

Question 11

When was hurricane Sandy and how was it created?

Answer 11

October 25, 2012 and it was created by the combination of a hurricane and low pressure system in late October

Question 12

What was the single most costly storm ever in US history?

Answer 12

Hurricane Sandy

Question 13

Define a hurricane

Answer 13

Intense tropical storm developing in the south Atlantic ocean but bringing heavy rain and winds over the east coast of North America

Question 14

Hurricanes are called ________ in the western pacific and __________ in the Indian Ocean

Answer 14

Typhoons

Cyclones

Question 15

Define a tornado and how it is formed

Answer 15

A violently rotating column of air of which contact the ground with great destructive power

Formed from rotating thunderstorms (supercells)

Question 16

how does latitude affect climate

Answer 16

• Distance from the equator
• When locations are closer to the equator suns energy is a concentrated in small area
• when locations are farther from the equator the same amount of sun hit and it spreads out over a large area

Question 17

How does a body of water keep land temperatures moderate?

Answer 17

Water warms and cools slower than air does.
In early winter water is warmer than land.
The wind blowing over the water will warm the air above the land.
In early summer weather is cooler than air.
The wind blowing over the water will cool the air.

Question 18

How do ocean currents affect climate?

Answer 18

the air blowing over the ocean can become warmer and cooler based on the water temperature. The air that blew over the water blows over the land and depending on the air temperature the land will either heat up or cool down

Question 19

What is the polar jetstream?

Answer 19

A column of wind

Question 20

How does the polar jetstream affect the movement of air masses?

Answer 20

Not allowing them to blow over and therefore keeping the cool air in the north and warm air in the south

Question 21

Name three types of precipitation

Answer 21

Frontal conventional relief

Question 22

What common thing takes place in all three types of precipitation

Answer 22

The air mass will rise and expand because of low air pressure this will result in the air mass cooling and since it is cooler cannot hold much water so the water will condense

Question 23

Describe relief precipitation

Answer 23

moist air is forced to rise up a mountain cools and condenses and causes precipitation

It comes down the other side of the mountain as a chinook which means dry warm wind

Question 24

Describe convection precipitation

Answer 24

The heat from the sun hits the ground and causes the ground to heat up. The hot air rises, cools and condenses and causes precipitation. there can also be lightning during convectional precipitation

Question 25

Describe frontal/cyclonic precipitation

Answer 25

Low pressure warm moist air mass hits a high-pressure cold air mass. the cool air mass is more dense than the warm air mass. therefore they warm air mass is pushed up. It cools and condenses therefore causing precipitation

Question 26

Describe the difference between the Windward in the Leeward side of the mountains

Answer 26

The Windward side is the side the wind is hitting in the other is a side of the downwind