CLET Practical Flashcards
Test 1: Complains of tendinitis in the shoulder during flexion.
Speeds Test: Pain and/or tenderness in the bicipital groove. Indicates: Bicipital Tendinitis
Test 1: Complains of locking and grinding of the knee
Synovial knee plica test: Positive: Popping, snapping, clunking, grinding, or stuttering of the patella.
Indicates: Medial patella pain is medial knee synovial plica syndrome. Lateral patella pain is lateral knee synovial plica syndrome.
Test 1: Complains of posterior elbow pain
Valgus Overload Test Of The Elbow: Pain in the posterior elbow with a reproduction of a locking or catching sensation or an inability to fully extend the elbow due to pain. Indicates: posterior elbow impingement syndrome.
Test 1: Painless Knee
Godfrey Sag Sign: The proximal tibia sags posteriorly due to a lack of a static posterior constraint.
Indicates: A tear or sprain of the posterior cruciate ligaments. This test is done to confirm injury to this ligament if Drawer test proves inconclusive.
Test 1: CAM hip
Hip Impingement Sign: Positive: Sharp anterior catching hip pain. Indicates: Hip impingement syndrome
Test 2: Anterior Shoulder Instability
Anterior Slide Test: Positive: Popping, cracking and crepitus is noticed with pain on the antero-superior aspect of the shoulder. Indicates: Superior or anterior glenoid labrum tear
Test 2: Acute Anterior Knee Instability
Lachmans test: Positive: gapping with the tibia moving away from the femur. Indicates: Anterior cruciate ligament or posterior oblique ligament instability
Test 2: Heel pain radiating along the foot toward the big tow:
Plantar faciitiis: Positive: Sharp pain along the medial longitudinal arch
Indicates: Plantar Faciitiis
Test 2: Lateral hip pain and thigh pain
Modified Obers Test: The hip and lateral thigh remains in abduction (does not angle down towards the floor). The patient experiences lateral thigh pain upon this maneuver. Indicates: tight TFL (possible contracture) with possible IT band syndrome.
Test 2: Lateral elbow pain
Cozens test: Positive: Pain over the lateral epicondyle
Indicates: Lateral epicondylitis
Test 3: Labrum Injury
O’brien sign: Positive: Pain felt deeply or superficially
Indicates: If deeply: Labrum tear. If superficially: AC joint problem
Test 3: High ankle injury
Distal tibio/fibular squeeze: Positive: Pain is reproduced while squeezing or pain is worse when releasing the tib/fib distally as it springs back. Indicates: High ankle sprain of the tibio-femoral ligament and/or the interosseous syndesmosis
Test 3: Supraspinatus weakness
Empty Can Test: Resistance to the abduction and downward pressure stresses the supraspinatus muscle and tendon insertion. Indicates: Tear, rupture to the supraspinatus muscle or tendon with possible suprascapular neuropathy.
Test 3: Synovial Knee Plica
Positive: Popping, snapping, clunking, grinding or stuttering of the patella. Indicates: Medial patella pain is medial knee synovial plica syndrome. Lateral patella pain is lateral knee synovial plica syndrome.
Test 3: Gluteal Insufficiency
Trendelenburg Test: Positive: High iliac crest on supported side and low crest on side of elevated leg. Indicates: Weak gluteus medius muscle on the supported side.
Test 4: Posterior Elbow Pain
Valgus overload test of the elbow: Positive: Pain in the posterior elbow with a reproduction of a locking or catching sensation or an inability to fully extend the elbow due to pain. Indicates: Posterior elbow impingement syndrome.
Test 4: Infraspinatus/teres minor weakness
Patte Test(Hornblower sign): Pain or inability to actively externally rotate against resistance due to weakness. Indicates: Infraspinatus or Teres minor tendinopathy
Test 4: Posterior Knee Instability
Lachman Test: Positive: Gapping with the tibia moving away from the femur. Indicates: Anterior cruciate ligament or posterior oblique ligament instability.
Test 4: Sharp, anterior hip pain:
Hip impingement: Positive: Sharp anterior catching hip pain. Indicates: Hip Impingement Syndrome.
Test 4: Medial Epicondylitis:
Reverse Mills Test: Positive: Reproduction of pain in the medial elbow
Indicates: Medial epicondylitis or Golfers elbow
Test 5: Can’t jog because of lateral knee pain:
Noble Test: Positive: Worse pain through 30-40 degrees of flexion/extension (painful arc of the knee) of the knee. Indicates: IT band syndrome or lateral knee impingement syndrome.
Test 5: Rotator Cuff Instability
Patte test (hornblower): Positive: Pain or inability to actively externally rotate against resistance due to weakness. Indicates: Teres Minor or Infraspinatus tendinopathy
Test 5: Deep Anterior Hip Pain
Hip Impingement: Positive: Sharp anterior catching hip pain. Indicates: Hip Impingement Syndrome.
Test 5: Clicking sensation in biceps tendon
Abbot Saunders Test: Positive: Palpable and/or audible click. Indicates: Subluxation or dislocation of the biceps tendon. (Rupture of transverse ligament or tendon subluxation beneath subscapularis muscle belly)
Test 5: Anterior arm pain with weakness
Maximum Elbow Flexion: Positive: Reproduction of parathesia’s into the ulnar nerve distribution with possible weakness on handshake (power grip).
Indicates: Cubital tunnel syndrome (ulnar nerve entrapment at the cubital tunnel).
Test 6: Knee instability in the popliteal fossa
Godfree(sag sign): Positive: The proximal tibia “sags” posteriorly due to lack of a static posterior constraint. Indicates: Tear or sprain of the posterior cruciate ligament. This test is done to confirm injury to this ligament if Drawer test proves inconclusive.
Test 6: Patellar pain w/snagging sensation:
Synovial knee plica: Positive: Popping, snapping, clunking, grinding or stuttering of the patella.
Indicates: Medial patella pain is medial knee synovial plica syndrome. Lateral patella pain is lateral knee synovial plica syndrome.
Test 6: Swelling and bruising around the distal tib/fib
Distal tib/fib squeeze test: Positive: Pain is reproduced while squeezing or pain is worse when releasing the tib/fib distally as it springs back. Indicates: High ankle sprain of the tibio-femoral ligament and/or the interosseous syndesmosis.
Test 6: Instability of the biceps tendon
Yergasons: Positive: Localized pain and/or tenderness at the bicipital groove. Indicates: Tendinitis. Positive: Audible click or the biceps tendon subluxes or dislocates. Indicates: Instability of the biceps tendon possibly associated with a torn transverse humeral ligament.
Test 7: Heel pain and pain while walking:
Fat pad squeeze: Positive: Pain diminishes during this procedure or feels less tender. Indicates: Lessening of pain rules in fat pad syndrome. If pain remains the same or is worse consider plantar fasciitis, heel spur or calcaneal stress fracture.
Test 7: Painful giving way of the knee
Nobel Test: Positive: Worse pain through 30-40 degrees of flexion/extension (painful arc of the knee) of the knee. Indicates: IT band syndrome or lateral knee impingement syndrome.
Test 7: Different bt ac joing and a labrum tear
O’brien sign: Positive: Pain felt deeply or superficially
Indicates: If deeply: Labrum tear. If superficially: AC joint problem
Test 7: Decrease ROM and stiffness in shoulder
Mazion shoulder maneuver: Positive: Inability to actively raise the elbow to the forehead due to pain and/or stiffness. Indicates: Early stage adhesive capsulitis or non inflammatory capsular adhesions.
Test 7: Knee pain on prolonged sitting (cinema sign):
Patella femoral grinding test aka (Clarke sign): Positive: Retropatellar pain and the patient is unable to maintain the quadriceps contraction. Indicates: Degenerative changes of the patellar facets and/or within the trochlear groove(chondromalcia patella).
Test 8: Hip pain and low back pain distinguish from one another???????
Hibbs Test: Positive: Pain in the hip region. Indicates:vvHip joint pathology. Positive: Hi???
Test 8: Instability and slipping out sensation in the shoulder
Sulcus Sign w/ load and shift. Positive: This motion attempts to dislocate the shoulder inferiorly. A sulcus that appears on the antero-lateral will indicate shoulder instability and is graded. Indicates: Inferior shoulder instability (MDI) and possible inferior dislocation. A +1 sulcus indicates less than 1cm, +2 indicates, 1-2 cm’s and +3 indicates more than 3cm’s.
Test 8: Meniscus injury in the supine
McMurray Sign: Positive: Clicking sound or pain by knee joint. Indicates Tear of medial meniscus if positive on external rotation. Tear of lateral meniscus if positive on internal rotation. The higher the leg is raised when positive is elcited, the more posterior the meniscal the injury.
Test 8: Clumsiness and Weakness when gripping a pen to write
Fromet Paper Sign (Alternate): Positive: The patient is seen to flex the thumb thereby recruiting the median nerve to compensate for apparent weakness. Indicates: Weakness or palsy of the adductor pollicus muscle-innervated by the ulnar nerve. Look for wasting of the dorsal thumb web.
Test 8: Supraspinatus Injury:
Empty Can Test: Resistance to the abduction and downward pressure stresses the supraspinatus muscle and tendon insertion. Indicates: Tear, rupture to the supraspinatus muscle or tendon with possible suprascapular neuropathy.
Test 9: Stress Fracture of the Hip
Anvil Test: Positive: Localized pain in a long bone or in the hip joint. Indicates: Possible fracture of long bones, or hip joint pathology.
Test 9: Weakness on power grip
Maximum Elbow Flexion/compression: Positive: Reproduction of parathesia’s into the ulnar nerve distribution with possible weakness on handshake (power grip).
Indicates: Cubital tunnel syndrome (ulnar nerve entrapment at the cubital tunnel).
Test 9: Sharp anterior shoulder pain only when working overhead
Anterior Slide Test: Positive: Popping, cracking and crepitus is noticed with pain on the antero-superior aspect of the shulder. Indicates: Superior or anterior glenoid labrum tear
Test 9: Shoulder External Rotation
Patte test (hornblower): Positive: Pain or inability to actively externally rotate against resistance due to weakness. Indicates: Teres Minor or Infraspinatus tendinopathy
Test 9: Anterior instability of the shoulder
Anterior Apprehension with Relocation: Positive: The patient senses relief upon relocation. Indicates: Confirms anterior instability of the GH joint (rules out tendinitis as false positive for anterior apprehension test.)
Test 10: Bursitis in the shoulder
Dawbarn Test: Positive: Decrease in pain and/or tenderness with abduction.
Indicates: Subacromial bursitis
Test 10: Locking and grinding in the elbow:
Valgus Overload Test Of The Elbow: Positive: Pain in the posterior elbow with a reproduction of a locking or catching sensation or an inability to fully extend the elbow due to pain. Indicates: Posterior elbow impingement syndrome.
Test 10: Lateral Knee Pain:
Noble Test: Worse pain through 30/40 degrees of flexion/extension (painful arc of the knee) of the knee. Indicates: IT band syndrome or lateral knee impingement syndrome.
Test 10: Clunking and locking in the shoulder instability
Sulcus Sign: Positive: This motion attempts to dislocate the shoulder inferiorly. A sulcus that appears on the antero-lateral will indicate shoulder instability and is graded. Indicates: Inferior shoulder instability (MDI) and possible inferior dislocation. A +1 sulcus indicates less than 1 cm, +2 indicates 1-2 cm’s and +3 indicates more than 3cm’s.
Test 10: Anterior/posterior shoulder impingement:
Hawkin Kennedy Test: Positive: The supraspinatus tendon is jammed up against the anterior surface of the Coraco-acromial ligament due to narrowing of the subacromial space. Posterior pain implicates stretch of the Teres Minor and Infraspinatus tendons.
Indicates: Local pain indicates supraspinatus tendinitis and impingement. Anterior pain is anterior impingement syndrom, posterior pain is posterior impingement syndrome.
Test 11: Deep anterior shoulder pain with occasional locking:
O’Briens Test:: Positive: Pain felt either deeply or superficially. Indicates: Labrum tear if felt deeply or AC joint problem if felt superficially.
Test 11: Swelling and difficulty weight bearing due to recent knee injury:
Bounce Home Test: Positive: Knee does not go into full extension(slight flexion remains). Indicates: Diffuse swelling of the knee, accumulation of fluid, due to possible torn meniscus.
Test 11: Posterior Elbow Pain
Valgus Overload Test of the Elbow: Positive: Pain in the posterior elbow with a reproduction of a locking or catching sensation or an inability to fully extend due to pain. Indicates: Posterior elbow impingement syndrome.
Test 11: Pain on the heel radiates to the big toe:
Plantar Fasciitis: Positive: Sharp pain along the medial longitudinal arch. Indicates: Plantar fasciitis
Test 11: Leg Length Discrepancy(adolescent):
Allis Sign: Positive: Difference in height and anteriority of the knees. Indicates: 1. If one knee is lower=ipsilateral congenital hip dislocation tibial discrepancy(anatomical short leg). 2. If one knee is anterior=ipsilateral congenital hip dislocation or femoral discrepancy (contralateral anatomical short leg)
Test 12: Tendinitis in the shoulder while flexing:
Speed Test: Positive: Pain and/or tenderness in the bicipital groove. Indicates: Bicipitial Tendinitis
Test 12: Locking and grinding of the knee
Synovial Plica Test: Positive: Popping, snapping, clunking, grinding or stuttering of the patella.
Indicates: Medial patella pain is medial knee synovial plica syndrome, lateral patella pain is lateral knee synovial plica syndrome.
Test 12: Knee pain and prolonged sitting(cinema sign):
Patella femoral grinding test(Clarke sign): Retropatellar pain and the patient is unable to hold the quadriceps contraction. Indicates: Degenerative changes of the patellar facets and/or within the trochlear groove(chondromalacia patella)
Test 12: Twisted Ankle
Distal tibio-fibular squeeze test: Positive: Pain is reproduced while squeezing or pain is worse when releasing the tib/fib distally as it springs back. Indicates: High ankle sprain of the tibio-femoral ligament and/or the interosseous syndesmosis.
Test 12: CAM Hip impingement grinding shit or something.
Hip Impingement: Positive: Sharp anterior catching hip pain. Indicates: Hip impingement syndrome
