Cleisthenes

Question 1

1. Impacts

Answer 1

Democracy big part of Athenian identity, What happens to people after ostracism kept property and money but couldn’t live in Athenians for a year, changing tribes did It affect people, did some people have more benefits than others –> middle class could do democratic things compared with power people, Did it ignore some groups of people, Did it make it fairer or more unfair Better or worse, Make judgement decisions, Shows the insight but saying who does better etc e.g shaking of burden loses rich money

Question 2

2. Past: Arstiole on tryanny of Hippas

Answer 2

the tyranny was much harsher

Question 3

3. Past: Who and when did the tryant take over Athens?

Answer 3

Peisistratus in 564BC

Question 4

4. Past: Who vied for power with Clesithense

Answer 4

Isagoras

Question 5

5. Random: When was Cleisthnese elected

Answer 5

508 BC

Question 6

6. Tribe: First step/threes

Answer 6

reorganising the demes into three groups or trittys via geography e.g the coastal (paralia), inland (mesogeian) and city (astu).

Question 7

7. Tribe: Ten tribes were called and subdivided from

Answer 7

trittys were then subdivided into ten tribes (Phylia)

Question 8

8. Arstiloe quote on tribes

Answer 8

he first divided the whole body into ten tribes[…] in order that more might take part in the government

Question 9

9. Tribe: tribes named after.e.g

Answer 9

Cecrops an Athenian hero

Question 10

10. Tribe: Tribes were given

Answer 10

a preist, a shrine in the agora, and were to hold meetings, have officials, provide money for tribal treasury and had tribal property

Question 11

11. Tribe: Limites on what and why

Answer 11

To ensure that there was equality among the tribes and one did not overpower the others there was a limite of how many men each tribe must supply for the army and boule.

Question 12

12. Past: Peisistratus sons names?

Answer 12

Hipparchus and Hippias

Question 13

13. Constitutional: how many men from each tribe to boule

Answer 13

50

Question 14

14. Constitutional: Citizenship

Answer 14

Citizenship was also moved to Demes, in which a males at the age of eighteen had to apply for citizenship. The male would be questioned by a panel and to be accepted there would be a vote taken by those who judged him. If the applicant was rejected they had the right to appeal the verdict, though the decision in the appeal was final.

Question 15

15. Constitutional: citizenship policing called

Answer 15

dokimasia

Question 16

16. Constitutional: Punishment for enrolling an underage man in citizenship

Answer 16

The demesman who had enrolled the male would be fined if found guilty and the applicant was found to be underage. The tribal reforms of Cleisthenes were to make politics more individual and forced constitutional reforms to be put in place.

Question 17

17. Prevention: Boule

Answer 17

To stop another tyrant who were selected for the boule could only serve twice, with terms being a year each. The citizen males who were selected for the boule had to be over thirty as well.

Question 18

18. Govt: Law courts called and jurors

Answer 18

dikasteria, jurors (Dikasts)

Question 19

19: Govt: What law courts did/were

Answer 19

Cleisthenes also created dikasteria, these were smaller courts in which jurors (Dikasts) were drawn annually from each tribe and dealt with smaller cases.

Question 20

20. Govt: Months name, named after and how long

Answer 20

36 day months (prytanies) which were named after each of the tribes.

Question 21

21. Govt: Why and how about months

Answer 21

To allow more participation in the government the year was also divided into 36 day months (prytanies) which were named after each of the tribes. During the tribe’s prytany, they selected a member of their tribe to act as president/pryraneis.

Question 22

22. Prevention: Astriole quote about tryanny and laws

Answer 22

the tyranny had obliterated the laws of Solon by disuse, and Cleisthenes aiming at the multitude had instituted other new ones, including the enactment of the law about ostracism

Question 23

23. Prevention: Ostracism votes

Answer 23

To ostracize someone it was required to write on a pottery as seen in the image below (1) and needed 6,000 votes (though it is divided between historians over 6,000 votes for the person to leave or for 6,000 votes to be cast).

Question 24

24. Prevention: What happened after ostracised:

Answer 24

leave for 10 years, kept property

Question 25

25. Prevention: Quote about ostracism by Aristotle

Answer 25

they put in force for the first time the law about ostracism, which had been enacted owing to the suspicion felt against the men in the positions of power

Question 26

26. Flow on: Quote about effects by Arstiole

Answer 26

These reforms made the constitution much more democratic than that of Solon,

Question 27

27. Flow on: people positive

Answer 27

much more equally shared pwoer, much more democratic, more citizens could have a say, old loyalties broken up can come to own p.o.v, more opportunities, shared power with the people with boule

Question 28

28. Flow on: people negative

Answer 28

While there was more power shared among the populace, many were still unable to participate in government as the Archons were still only from the two wealthiest classes reducing power among citizens. The boule also were only able to come from the three wealthiest classes in Athens. Due to the lack of payment for participating in government (in any way) this also meant that the poorest Athenian citizens could not afford to miss work to participate in politics.

Question 29

29. Long term: Quote about long term oath by Astriole

Answer 29

in the fifth year after these enactments,[…]they instituted the oath of induction for the Council of Five Hundred

Question 30

30. Lot: what is it?

Answer 30

his led to selection by lot. Selection by lot is a system in which candidates for positions e.g Archons, were first were scrutinised by the boule to ensure they were fit for the position then their names were placed in an urn or container they were picked at random. Athenians did this as they believed the will of the goals will direct them to choose the correct choice. Cleisthense reforms were designed to make a more democratic Athens.

Question 31

31. Long term: Ostracism quote by Arstiole

Answer 31

Eleven years afterwards came their victory in the battle of Marathon; and in the archonship of Phaenippus, two years after the victory, the people being now in high courage, they put in force for the first time the law about ostracism, which had been enacted owing to the suspicion felt against the men in the positions of power”

Question 32

32. Long term: Why wasn’t ostracism used?and.when

Answer 32

This is because Cleisthnese and his reforms furthered Athenian’s thinking of what a democracy can be, with new democratic thoughts and laws emerging. Clesithenses’ reform of ostracism was also not formally used till twenty years later in 488BC. The first banishment was a relative of Peisistratus; Hipparchus son of Charmus of the deme of Collytus.

Question 33

33. Long long term: US govt

Answer 33

Another area in which Cleisthenes affected government is seen primarily in the US where they like ancient Athens only allow certain people held positions of power e.g one must be over the age of thirty, live as a citizen in the US for nine years and live in the state which you are running to a Senator for, similarly to ancient Athens were one had to be male, a citizen and over the thirty to be a member of the boule. Like in Cleisthenes’ reforms, the US officials can only hold certain offices for a certain time period, limiting the power one can acculiate. Another impact which Cleisthenes reforms had on modern government was the jury system, as in many countries such as the United States have jurors which are forced to sit on trials and determine the faith of others. Cleisthenes have had major impacts on modern democracy and have helped create the basis of it.

Question 34

34. Long long term: broad

Answer 34

Cleisthenes instituting reforms which allowed citizens to have more political input resulted in democracy in the modern world to further this thinking through freedom of speech, to protest, partition their government officials and speak to politicians about the issues in the world which concern them. Cleisthenes also influenced modern democracy as in ancient Athens all citizens could vote and all votes were taken into account, seen in the modern democracy when voting for leaders but instead more people are allowed to vote then just citizen men.

Question 35

35. Long long term: Cleisthenes know as

Answer 35

Cleisthenes’ is referred to as the father of democracy due to how he shaped modern and Athenian democracy.

Question 36

36. how long after they use ostracism

Answer 36

20 y

Question 37

physlcioers name

Answer 37

aristotle

Question 38

38. big court called

Answer 38

heliaia