Cleft/VPI

Question 1

the anterior 2/3 is the —- palate

Answer 1

hard

Question 2

the posterior 1/3 is the — palate

Answer 2

soft

Question 3

the hard palate is — and separates the —- and —- cavities

Answer 3

stationary; oral and nasal

Question 4

the soft palate is — and —-

Answer 4

tissues; muscles

Question 5

facial development: fusion occurs during the — and — weeks of gestation

Answer 5

5th and 8th

Question 6

— — results when the primary fusion process is interrupted

Answer 6

cleft lip

Question 7

— —- results when the secondary fusion process is interrupted

Answer 7

cleft palate (hard and or soft)

Question 8

development of the secondary palate process and fusion occurs between the — and — weeks of gestation

Answer 8

8th and 12th

Question 9

the bony hard palate and the velum are formed during the development of the — palate

Answer 9

secondary

Question 10

do clefts occur more often in males or females?

Answer 10

males

Question 11

incidence in cleft is 1/x live births

Answer 11

750 (1/750)

Question 12

cleft palate can be caused by:

Answer 12

genetic disorders
chromosomal aberrations
teratogenically induced disorders
mechanically induced abnormalities

Question 13

who are the 3 main people on a cleft palate team?

Answer 13

SLP
Surgeon
ENT specialized in cleft

Question 14

what are the 3 main speech areas that are assessed during a cleft evaluation?

Answer 14

articulation
resonance
voice

Question 15

the characteristics examined in the area of articulation for a cleft eval include…

Answer 15

problems with intraoral pressure

compensatory articulation errors

nasal air emission

Question 16

the main characteristic looked into in the area of resonance is…

Answer 16

hypernasality because of VPI

Question 17

VPI/A types include…

Answer 17

VPI misleading
VP insufficiency
VP incompetency

Question 18

define video nasopharyngoscopy vs videofluroscopy

Answer 18

VN: more useful for evaluation and surgical planning

VF: shows the full vertical dimension of the pharynx

Question 19

what needs to happen to obtain valid VP image?

Answer 19

use or attempted use of high pressure consonant required for valid VN study

Question 20

if high pressure consonants are not being used or attempted…

Answer 20

speech therapy should occur before consulting surgery

Question 21

if child produces only glottal stops, pharyngeal fricatives, nasal consonants, and vowels, they will —- display VP closure speech

Answer 21

never

Question 22

what is the difference between a VP mislearning, VP insufficiency, and VP incompetency?

Answer 22

VPM: articulation disorder
VPI: anatomy (structure)
VPIC: physiology (movement)

Question 23

subtypes of VP can/cannot be distinguished perceptually and are/are not mutually exclusive

Answer 23

CANNOT; ARE NOT

Question 24

if a child produces only
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
they will never display VP closure for speech because these sounds don’t require it

Answer 24

1. glottal stops
2. pharyngeal fricatives
3. nasal fricatives
4. nasal consonants
5. vowels

(NNVGP)

Question 25

how is assessment for clients with cleft similar to and different from other non-cleft clients with SSD?

Answer 25

both undergo assessment for artic and phono

may include evaluating language skills

oral mech exam

Question 26

clarify nasal air emission and phonemic specific emission

Answer 26

NAE: can be seen in people with cleft or VPI

PSE: mislearned, not due to a structural difference. can be due to someone using compensatory strategies

Question 27

what are the areas of assessment for cleft/VPI?

Answer 27

perceptual evaluation of speech
-speech sound, resonance, VP/A, and NAE

low tech procedures

instrumental evaluation of VP function

nasal airflow

Question 28

define learned vs obligatory errors

Answer 28

learned: adaptive speech patterns to compensate for structural issues

obligatory: structural issues that cause speech difficulties