Cleft/VPI Flashcards
the anterior 2/3 is the —- palate
hard
the posterior 1/3 is the — palate
soft
the hard palate is — and separates the —- and —- cavities
stationary; oral and nasal
the soft palate is — and —-
tissues; muscles
facial development: fusion occurs during the — and — weeks of gestation
5th and 8th
— — results when the primary fusion process is interrupted
cleft lip
— —- results when the secondary fusion process is interrupted
cleft palate (hard and or soft)
development of the secondary palate process and fusion occurs between the — and — weeks of gestation
8th and 12th
the bony hard palate and the velum are formed during the development of the — palate
secondary
do clefts occur more often in males or females?
males
incidence in cleft is 1/x live births
750 (1/750)
cleft palate can be caused by:
genetic disorders
chromosomal aberrations
teratogenically induced disorders
mechanically induced abnormalities
who are the 3 main people on a cleft palate team?
SLP
Surgeon
ENT specialized in cleft
what are the 3 main speech areas that are assessed during a cleft evaluation?
articulation
resonance
voice
the characteristics examined in the area of articulation for a cleft eval include…
problems with intraoral pressure
compensatory articulation errors
nasal air emission
the main characteristic looked into in the area of resonance is…
hypernasality because of VPI
VPI/A types include…
VPI misleading
VP insufficiency
VP incompetency
define video nasopharyngoscopy vs videofluroscopy
VN: more useful for evaluation and surgical planning
VF: shows the full vertical dimension of the pharynx
what needs to happen to obtain valid VP image?
use or attempted use of high pressure consonant required for valid VN study
if high pressure consonants are not being used or attempted…
speech therapy should occur before consulting surgery
if child produces only glottal stops, pharyngeal fricatives, nasal consonants, and vowels, they will —- display VP closure speech
never
what is the difference between a VP mislearning, VP insufficiency, and VP incompetency?
VPM: articulation disorder
VPI: anatomy (structure)
VPIC: physiology (movement)
subtypes of VP can/cannot be distinguished perceptually and are/are not mutually exclusive
CANNOT; ARE NOT
if a child produces only
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
they will never display VP closure for speech because these sounds don’t require it
- glottal stops
- pharyngeal fricatives
- nasal fricatives
- nasal consonants
- vowels
(NNVGP)
how is assessment for clients with cleft similar to and different from other non-cleft clients with SSD?
both undergo assessment for artic and phono
may include evaluating language skills
oral mech exam
clarify nasal air emission and phonemic specific emission
NAE: can be seen in people with cleft or VPI
PSE: mislearned, not due to a structural difference. can be due to someone using compensatory strategies
what are the areas of assessment for cleft/VPI?
perceptual evaluation of speech
-speech sound, resonance, VP/A, and NAE
low tech procedures
instrumental evaluation of VP function
nasal airflow
define learned vs obligatory errors
learned: adaptive speech patterns to compensate for structural issues
obligatory: structural issues that cause speech difficulties
