Cleaner Design And Technology Flashcards
What 5 factors do designers have to consider when designing a product?
- Easy to dismantle for repair or reuse
- Easy to separate different materials for recycling
- Easy to remove components
- Use as few materials as possible
- Avoid surface treatments to keep materials ‘clean’
According to Edwin Datschefski, what five factors make up product sustainability?
- Cyclic (Products are made from biodegradable organic materials)
- Solar (Products that in in manufacture consume only renewable energy)
- Safe (All releases to air, water, land or space are ‘food’ for other systems)
- Efficient (Products that in manufacture and use require 90% less energy, materials and water than equivalent products in 1990)
- Social (Products whose manufacture and use supports basic human rights)
What environmental considerations for cleaner design and technology can be made at the raw materials stage?
- Use less material
- Use materials with less environmental impact
- Consider recyclable materials
- Adhere to relevant legislation
What environmental considerations for cleaner design and technology can be made at the manufacture stage?
- Reduce energy use
- Simplify processes where appropriate
- Reduce waste
- Use natural resources efficiently
What environmental considerations for cleaner design and technology can be made at the distribution stage?
- Reduce or lighten packaging
- Reduce mileage of transportation to customer
What environmental considerations for cleaner design and technology can be made at the use stage?
- Increased durability
- Use ‘green’ credentials as marketing strategy
- Promote efficient use of product
What environmental considerations for cleaner design and technology can be made at the end of life stage?
- Make reuse and recycling easier
- Reduce waste to landfill
What is the environmental impact of using trees in manufacturing processes?
- Deforestation
- Environmental depredation
- Forest areas
- Distribution
What is the environmental impact of using aluminium in manufacturing processes?
- Environmental impact of mining activities (Energy use, open-cast mining and transportation)
What is the environmental impact of using crude oil in manufacturing processes?
- Environmental impact of drilling activities (e.g. Energy use and destruction of habitat)
How can the design and manufacture of a product be modified to increase efficiency?
- Simpler design with fewer components to reduce materials used
- Different material to reduce weight
- Materials that use less energy during manufacture
- Simpler components that are easier to machine or mould
- Simplified work flow with improved quality control
What was unique about the ‘202’ Coca-Cola can?
Reduced diameter, whilst maintaining the same body diameter to contain the same volume of liquid
What did the ‘202’ Coca-Cola can result in?
- Costs saving over £1 per thousand cans and reduced metal use worldwide
- Saving of £2.3 million a year for Coca-Cola
- Use of lightweight cans enable more products to fit in a single lorry
Give 2 issues relating to distribution of goods around the U.K.
- Extremely large energy use and resultant CO² emissions, contribute to global warming
- Congestion on roads and motorways, road haulage contributing to this
Give 5 advantages of liquefied petroleum gas
- Relatively good fuel availability
- Good range of kits available
- Reduced emissions
- Low cost fuel
- Reliable performance