Cleaner Flashcards
Example of phenol
Parvosol or Lysol
What is a Phenol
A typical household disinfectant
Example of a QUAT
Benzalkonium chloride
What is a QAT
QAT: quaternary ammonium compound
What are QATs good for?
Cleaning kennels and runs
What are phenols good for?
Kills anthrax spores
Not inactivated by organic matter, soap or hard water
Why are phenols bad
Not affective against Gram - bacteria, non-enveloped viruses, fungi or spores
Toxic to cats at concentrations over 2%
Decreased activity if mixed with QATS
Why are QATs bad
Poor efficiency against fungi
Ineffective against non-enveloped viruses (parvo)
Inactivated by organic material, soap and hard water
Why are soaps and detergents bad?
Ineffective in hard water
Not good with QATs
Reduced effectiveness of halogens
Not good antimicrobials
Aldehyde(formaldehyde)- what is it good for
Remains effective in presence of organic matter
Why is Formaldehyde not used a lot?
The efficiency is dependent on relative humidity and temperature
Must be used in an air tight building which must remain closed for at least 24 hours after treatment
Aldehyde (Gluteraldehyde)- what is it good for?
Effective against bacteria, spores, viruses and fungi
Good for cold sterilization
High kill activity
Not inactivated by organic material
Why is Gluteraldehyde not used a lot
Contact time is 12 hours
Activated with sodium bicarbonate
Irritating to respiratory tract and skin
Example of an Oxidizing Compound
Peroxide / peroxygen compound
What does an Oxidizing compound do?
Sterilization
Effective against bacteria and fungi
30 min contact time
Why is peroxide compounds not used
Explosive
Irritating to skin
Long contact time
No action on spores
Does not kill pinworm eggs
No virucidal activity
Why is Prevail used?
Breaks down into oxygen and water
Short contact times
Better efficiency to viruses and mycobacterism
Why is Ethylene Oxide Used?
Effective against bacteria, fungi, viruses and spores
Sterilant
Good for heat sensitive items
Why is Ethylene Oxide not used
Flammable and explosive
Toxic, carcinogenic and irritating to tissues
Contact time is 1-18 hours
Ventilation required post sterilization for up to 48 hours
What is a Biguanide
A broad antibacterial spectrum
Effective against viruses, fungi and bacteria
Chlorhexide (antiseptic)
pH range 5-7
Inactivated by soaps and detergents
What is a halogen
Chlorine or iodine compounds
Broad spectrum compounds (bacteria, Protozoa, viruses, fungi)
Low toxicity, low cost, easy to use
Why are halogens not used?
Lose potency over time and not active at high temperatures or pH
Lose activity in organic matter, sunlight and some metals
Hypochlorites Should never be mixed with acids or ammonia - will result in toxic chlorine gas
What is animal husbandry
How we care for animals
What is sterilization
Cold sterilization on surgical instruments
Heat/ steam in autoclaves
What is sanitation
Any cleaning technique that mechanically removes microbes
What is disinfection
Use of physical process or chemical agent that promotes killing, inhibition, or removal of pathogenic microorganisms
What is sepsis
Growth or microorganisms or the presence of microbial toxins in the blood or other tissues
What is Asepsis
Any practice that prevents the entry of infectious agents into sterile tissues and thus prevents infection
What is antisepsis
Practiced in health care - sterile methods that uses antiseptics which are directly applied to exposed body surfaces, wounds and surgical incisions to destroy vegetative pathogens
What does static mean
The inhibit of growth of the organism
What does cidal mean
Refers to killing of the microorganisms
