CLAT Step 1 – Meet a Community and Its Arts Flashcards
What is a community?
A community is a group of people that shares a story, identity, and ongoing patterns of interaction, and that is constantly in flux.
Start a…
…community arts profile (CAP)
Take a first glance…
at a community (scope) and its arts (outside-in, inside-out).
How do you do the Outside-In approach?
Look for important events and rituals marked by artistic communication.
Outside-in (sources)
Chenoweth (2001), Schechner (2006) & Turner (2004)
Outside-in — Chenoweth (2001)
Created a checklist of rituals/events likely to be marked by artistically rendered communication (outside-in approach)
Outside-in — Schechner (2006)
rituals as liminal performances
Outside-in — Turner (2004)
Communitas (normative or spontaneous)
How do you do the inside-out approach when taking a first glance at a community’s arts?
By learning to recognize special features of artistic communication acts
Inside-out (main points)
Look for special features of artistic communication acts: distinctive performance context; they contract/expand density of info; some assume more/special knowledge; special formal structure (performance features); elicit unusual responses (emotions); require unusual expertise
Inside-out —descriptions of artistic events (sources & defs)
- Bauman (1992, “Performance”): aesthetically marked, heightened mode of communication, framed as a special display for the audience.
- Saville-Troike (2002): recognizable boundaries that are set off from “normal” events, and distinctive features like role changes among participants.
Inside-out — features of performances – Saville-Troike (2002)
recognizable boundaries that are set off from “normal” events, and distinctive features like role changes among participants [see also Stone, 1979, above]
Inside-out — Bauman (1992, “Performance”)
aesthetically marked, heightened mode of communication, framed as special display for audience
Explore a community’s _____________ life.
social/conceptual
Inside-out — Anthropology background sources
McKinney (2000) (also: Hargrave 1993, Ferraro/Andreatta 2011)
Use _______ to learn more about a community and their arts
research methods
Participant observation: learning by doing or by watching while doing (sources)
Hood (1960), Hughes-Freeland (1999), Johnston & Orwig (1999)
Participant Observation – Hood (1960)
bimusicality
Participant Observation – Hughes-Freeland (1999) (def)
Participant observation is “determined by a process of planning and intention, which is disrupted by accidents and enhanced by serendipity.”
Participant Observation – Johnston & Orwig (1999)
be aware/build off own learning style
Interviews: learn by…
…asking
interviews (sources)
Spradley (1979), Jackson (1987)
Interviews — Spradley (1979)
- interview using symmetrical turn-taking (the informant talks more)
- 3 question types: descriptive (straight); structural (how info is organized), and contrast (sorting)
Interviews — Jackson (1987)
- Build trust by showing genuine interest.
- Ask directive and non-directive questions: you want a mix of both.
- Use follow-up questions to flesh out the subject more.
- Know your equipment and make it seem perfectly natural to be using it (and stay vigilant!).
- Use props to prompt discussion.
