Classifying materials - the periodic table Flashcards
Describe an atom
It is a tiny particle, all matter is made from atoms
What is an element?
An element is a substance which is made from only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance which is made from two or more types of atom.
It is formed by a chemical reaction
Are the following elements or compounds?
Carbon dioxide?
Nitrogen?
Water?
Gold?
Rust?
Carbon dioxide CO2 compound
Nitrogen? N2 element
Water? H2O compound
Gold? Au element
Rust? FeO iron oxide compound
Tip - if there is more than one capital letter in it’s formula it is a compound!
Can elements be broken down? into simpler substances?
No they are as simple as it gets!
Can compounds be broken down? into simpler substances?
Yes they can be broken down by a chemical reaction
What do we mean by a chemical symbol?
One or two letters which have been given to an element to identify it and make it less writing! The first letter is upper case the second always lower
What is the chemical symbol for carbon?
C
What is the chemical symbol for oxygen
O
What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen
H
What is the chemical symbol for helium
He
What is the chemical symbol for nitrogen
N
What is the chemical symbol for sodium
Na
What is the chemical symbol for magnesium
Mg
What is the chemical symbol for sulfur
S
What is the chemical symbol for chlorine
Cl
What is the chemical symbol for iron?
Fe
What is the chemical symbol for copper?
Cu
What is a diatom? clue di - atom
Some elements exist naturally in pairs we call these diatoms eg O2
Name some elements which are usually diatoms
H2
O2
N2
Cl2
What do we call the rows of the periodic table?
periods
What do we call the columns of the periodic table?
groups
What can we say about the elements in a group?
They all have similar properties-
What is a molecule?
2 or more atoms which are bonded together- if they are the same atoms they are an element, different they are a compound
O2 is a molecule but an element
Co2 is a molecule but a compound
remember two Upper case letters is must be a compound!
What is a mixture?
Two or more elements or compounds which are not bonded together
eg Iron and sulfur or salt and sugar
