Classifying bones by shape and bone markings

Question 1

Classifying bones by shape

Answer 1

short bone (tarsal)
long bone (metatarsal)
flat bone (scapula)
irregular bone (vertebra)
sesamoid bone (patella)

Question 2

Long bones

Answer 2

• typically longer than wide
• have a shaft with expanded ends
• mostly made up of compact bone
• examples= femur, radius, metacarpals and phalanges

Question 3

Short bones

Answer 3

• short, small and thick
• cube shaped have no shaft
• only found in the feet and hands
• examples= tarsals and carpals

Question 4

Flat bones

Answer 4

• thin, flattened bone which are usually curved
• form boundaries around cavities
• are usually protecting organs
• examples= skull bones, sternum, scapula and ribs

Question 5

Irregular bones

Answer 5

• irregular or mixed shape
• do not fit into other bone classification
• examples= vertebrae, facial bones and hyoid

Question 6

Sesamoid bones

Answer 6

• usually small and round
• develop within tendons
• function to: protect tendons, change angle of tendon insertion to increase force of muscle
• example = patella

Question 7

Bone Markings

Answer 7

Projections and depressions

Question 8

Irregularities of bone that function to:

Answer 8

• strengthen bone
• provide passages through the bone
• promote bone to bone articulation
• provide attachment sites
• provide landmarks

Question 9

Projections