Classifications

Question 1

What are the two types of Fibrous Tissue?

Answer 1

a) sutures (only found in the skull with limited movement)

b) syndesmosis (bones connected by sheet of tissue - ex. Forearms) lots of space and movement.

Question 2

Cartilaginous joints are

Answer 2

Connected by cartilage or a combination of cartilage and fibrous tissue (ex. Cartilage connects the ribs to the breastbone)

Ex. the vertebrae are connected by fibrocartilagenous intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis.

Question 3

Synovial Joints are marked by what 3 features?

Answer 3

1. A Joint Cavity - space between the 2 joint surfaces
2. Articular Cartilage - shiny, whitish connect tissue designed to absorb shock containing no nerves or blood vessels usually made up of hyaline cartilage.
3. A Joint Capsule - surrounds and lines the joint. Makes the synovial fluid contained within the joint. Friction between the 2 joint surfaces is minimized by liberation from synovial fluid and articulate cartilage

Question 4

What are the 6 types of joints?

Answer 4

1. Condyloid (ellipsoid)
2. Saddle
3. Ball and Socket
4. Plane
5. Pivot
6. Hinge

Question 5

Condyloid

Answer 5

Bi-axial
Flexion/extension & abduction/adduction (and circumduction)
Ex. Knuckles

Question 6

Saddle

Answer 6

Bi-axial
Opposing surfaces are shaped like saddles
Concave & convex articulate with eachother
Ex. Thumb

Question 7

Ball & Socket

Answer 7

Multiaxial
Spheroidal surface articulates with socket of other surface.
Ex. Hip; shoulder

Question 8

Plane

Answer 8

Gliding or sliding movement
Joint surfaces are flat or almost flat
Not are uniaxial
Eg. Acromioclavicular joint

Question 9

Pivot

Answer 9

Uniaxial
Rotation
A rounded process rotates within a sleeve or ring
Ex. C1 and C2

Question 10

Hinge

Answer 10

Uniaxial
Flexion and extension
Ex. Humeroulnar joint (elbow)

Question 11

Bursa

Answer 11

Sacs filled with synovial fluid that decrease the friction generated by one tissue over another

Flat and located between tendons and bony prominences
Tendons and tendons
Bone and skin

Question 12

Ligaments

Answer 12

Connect bone to bone

Check or restrict excessive movement

Question 13

Close-packed joint position

Answer 13

Ligaments and joint capsule are tight
Joint has maximal articulate surface contact
Increase stability; decreased mobility

Question 14

Loose-packed joint position

Answer 14

The ligaments and joint capsule are loose
The joint has maximal space and available movement
Increased mobility; decreased stability

Question 15

What are the 3 classifications of joints?

Answer 15

1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial