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Biology: Classifications > Classifications 2 > Flashcards

Classifications 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Artificial Classification?

A
  • Artificial Classification is grouping organisms based on visible characteristics such as shape, venation, number of legs and colour.
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2
Q

What is Natural Classification?

A
  • Natural Classification is grouping organisms based on their internal and external characteristics.
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3
Q

What is a Taxon?

A
  • A category in which organisms are placed
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4
Q

How many domains are there and what are they?

A

There are two domains, the Eukaryotes which have a true nucleus and the Prokaryotes which have no true nucleus.

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5
Q

Why aren’t viruses apart of the Classification System?

A

Viruses aren’t apart of the Classification System because they do not have a true cellular system and they only have living characteristics once they enter a host.

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6
Q

What is the Kingdom Prokaryotae?

A

The Kingdom Prokaryotae comes under the domain, The Prokaryotes. They do not have a true nucleus. Instead, they have genetic material DNA and RNA which aren’t bound by a membrane. It includes bacteria. Scientists believe that they were the first to evolve because they contain the oldest fossils.

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the Kingdom Prokaryotae?

A
  • unicellular, microscopic
  • have no mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, chlorophyll, nucleus
  • parasitic
  • have a cell wall
  • prokaryotic
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8
Q

What is the Eukaryote?

A

The Eukaryote has 4 kingdoms:
- Kingdom Animalia
- Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Protoctista

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9
Q

What is Kingdom Protoctista?

A
  • Kingdom Protoctista has plant-like and animal-like organisms. They have a true nucleus but no cell wall.
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10
Q

Which organisms are apart of the Kingdom Protoctista?

A
  • Algae
  • Protozoa
  • Amoeba
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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Algae?

A
  • plant-like and has the ability to photosynthesize
  • can be either multicellular or unicellular
  • the multicellular algae has no roots, stem or leaves just a simple body called the Thallus.
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12
Q

What is Protozoa?

A
  • Protozoa consists of Amoeba and Paramecium
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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Amoeba?

A
  • Amoeba is different from Algae because because they do not photosynthesize so they feed on other organisms.
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14
Q

What is the Kingdom Fungi?

A
  • The Kingdom Fungi does not contain chlorophyll so they are unable to photosynthesize.
  • The feed saprophytically meaning they feed on dead or decaying organisms
  • They may cause diseases, these are called parasites
  • They may enter a mutualistic relationship where both them and the host benefit from it.
  • They have white threads called Hyphae which are made of cellulose cell walls, large vacuole and a thin layer of cytoplasm.
  • The Hyphae joins together to make mycelium.
  • The Hyphae is what produces enzymes so the dead materials can be absorbed.
  • They are reproduced from spores.
  • The cell walls are made of chitin
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of Fungi?

A
  • Feed saprophytically
  • Multicellular
  • No chlorophyll
  • have cell walls
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Kingdom Animalia?

A
  • all multicellular
  • able to move around
  • feed heterotrophically (can’t make their own food so they feed on what is already there)
  • no chlorophyll, can’t photosynthesize
17
Q

What are the seven Phyla under Kingdom Animalia?

A

Charlie - Cnidera
Cooks - Chordata
Amazing - Arthropoda
Apple - Annelida
Pie - Porifera
Every - Echinodermata
Morning - Mollusca

18
Q

The Phylum Arthropoda

A
  • include animals with jointed legs but no backbone
  • they have a waterproof exoskeleton that allows them to live on dry land and withstand harsh conditions
19
Q

What are the 5 classes of the Phylum Arthropoda?

A

Carl - Crustacea
Ate - Arachnida
Donuts - Diplopoda
In - Insecta
Class - Chilopoda

20
Q

The Class Crustacea and its characteristics

A
  • includes crabs and lobsters
  • breathe through gills
  • they have more than 4 pairs of jointed legs
  • not millipedes or centipedes
21
Q

The Class Arachnida and its characteristics

A
  • include spiders, scorpions and ticks
  • land dwelling organisms
  • breathe through gills called book lungs
  • have exactly four pairs of jointed legs
22
Q

The Class Diplopoda and its characteristics

A
  • include millipedes
  • body consists of segments
  • each segment has two pairs of legs
23
Q

The Class Insecta and its characteristics

A
  • includes grasshoppers and cockroaches
  • have a exoskeleton and tracheae that allows water to evaporate from their bodies
  • live in dry conditions
  • three pairs of jointed legs
  • breathe through thracheae
  • two pairs of wings
24
Q

What is the Phylum Chordata?

A
  • the organisms in this phylum have a supporting rod along the length of their bodies
  • includes the vertebrates which have a backbone
25
Q

What are the Classes within the Phylum Chordata?

A

Polly - Pisces
And - Amphibia
Riley - Reptilia
Ate - Aves
Mangoes - Mammalia

26
Q

The Class Pisces and its characteristics

A
  • include fishes
  • all fishes live in water except the mudskipper that breathes air for a short time

Characteristics:
- vertebrates with scaly skin
- have fins
- have gills

27
Q

The Class Amphibia and its characteristics

A
  • include frogs and tadpoles
  • most of them live on land but go back to the water to reproduce

Characteristics:
- vertebrates with moist, scale-less skin
- lay their eggs in water
- adults live on land so they have lungs
- young amphibians have gills

28
Q

The Class Reptilia and its characteristics

A
  • include snakes, crocodiles, lizards, turtles and tortoises
  • they do not go back to reproduce because their eggs have a waterproof shell that prevents it from drying out

Characteristics:
- vertebrates with scaly skin
- produce eggs with rubbery shells

29
Q

The Class Aves and its characteristics

A
  • include birds
  • lay waterproof eggs

Characteristics:
- vertebrates with feathers
- forelimbs become wings
- endothermic
- have beaks
- produce eggs with hard shells

30
Q

The Class Mammalia and its characteristics

A
  • humans are apart of this class
  • have well developed cerebral hemispheres

Characteristics:
- have a placenta
- young feed on milk from mammary glands
- have a diaphragm
- have different types of teeth
- endothermic
- vertebrates with hair
- heart has four chambers

Biology: Classifications (3 decks)

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