Classification,variation and inheritance Flashcards
What are the seven different ranks used in classification?
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What are the five different types of kingdoms?
- animals
- plants
- fungi
- protoctists
- prokaryotes
Define unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular: organisms made up of a single cell
Multicellular: organisms made up of multiple cells
Give an example of an organism that uses autotrophic nutrition.
Plants by using photosynthesis.
Define heterotrophic nutrition.
Getting food by eating and digesting other animals.
Give an example of who uses saprophytic nutrition.
Fungi, by digesting other organisms outside the body.
Which kingdom of organisms don’t have a nucleus?
Prokaryotes
What are fungi’s cell walls made of?
Chitin
What are plants’ cell walls made of?
Cellulose
Which two kingdoms are unicellular?
- Protoctists (mostly)
- Prokaryotes
What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates?
Vertebrates have a backbone; invertebrates don’t.
What is the difference between an organism that is:
- oviparous
- viviparous?
Oviparous: animals that lay eggs
Viviparous: animals that give birth to live young.
Define:
- Homeotherms
- Poikilotherms
Homeotherms: organism that has a constant body temperature (usually warmer than surroundings)
Poikilotherms: organisms whose body temperature varies with their surroundings
Define species
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What does it mean when an organisms scientific name uses a binomial system?
It’s name is made up of two Latin words (the genus and the species names)
e. g. Erithacus rubecula
(genus) (species)
Why is the binomial system useful?
It allows scientists to communicate clearly no matter the language.
Define variation
Variation are differences in characteristics
Why is classification used?
- to easily identify existing species and new species
- see how organisms are related
- to identify areas of less or greater biodiversity
Define biodiversity
A measure of the total number of species in an area.
What are adaptions?
Variations in characteristics that allow an organism to survive in its habitats.
Define Classification
Sorting organisms into groups based on characteristics.
What do limited resources cause between organisms?
Competition
