classification systems Flashcards
What is schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterised by a disruption in psychological functioning and a loss of contact with reality.
How does schizophrenia affect individuals?
It can significantly impact an individual’s thoughts
What percentage of the population is affected by schizophrenia?
Approximately 1% of the population.
When do schizophrenia symptoms typically appear?
Symptoms typically emerge in mid to late adolescence.
What are the believed causes of schizophrenia?
It is believed to result from a combination of genetic
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Positive symptoms are an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
What are hallucinations?
Hallucinations are unreal perceptions of the environment that may be auditory
What are examples of auditory hallucinations?
Hearing voices that are not present in the environment.
What are examples of visual hallucinations?
Seeing lights
What are examples of olfactory hallucinations?
Smelling things that aren’t there.
What are examples of tactile hallucinations?
Feeling bugs crawling on or under the skin.
What are delusions?
Delusions are bizarre beliefs that seem real to the individual but are not.
What are paranoid delusions?
Paranoid delusions are beliefs that involve feeling followed or spied on.
What are delusions of grandeur?
Delusions of grandeur involve believing one has great power or importance.
What are delusions of reference?
Delusions of reference involve believing that events in the environment are directly related to oneself.
What is disorganised speech?
Disorganised speech refers to difficulty organising thoughts
What is derailment in speech?
Derailment refers to slipping from one topic to another in conversation.
What is ‘word salad’?
Word salad refers to speech that sounds incoherent or like gibberish.
What is disorganised behaviour?
Disorganised behaviour involves an inability to initiate or complete tasks.
What are examples of disorganised behaviour?
Difficulties in daily living (e.g.
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Negative symptoms involve the loss of usual abilities and experiences.
What is speech poverty (alogia)?
Speech poverty is a reduction in speech fluency
What is avolition?
Avolition refers to a reduction in interest or goal-directed behaviour
What is affective flattening?
Affective flattening is a reduction in the range of emotional expression
