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Science > Classification Study Guide Chap 18 > Flashcards

Classification Study Guide Chap 18 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Explain Linnaeus’ system

A

He grouped organisms into hierarchical categories

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1
Q

Explain Aristotle’s system

A

He classified things as plants or animals.

He then grouped them into land, air or water dwellers.

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2
Q

What is binominal nomenclature

A

A 2-part naming systems.

Genus and Species

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3
Q

Name the 6 kingdoms

A 
Animilla
Eubacteria
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
Archaebacteria
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4
Q

Sequence the 8 levels of biological classification

A 
Domain 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Spices

Dear King Pablo came over for good spaghetti

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5
Q

What is multicellular

A

A living thing that is composed of more than 1 cell

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6
Q

What is phylogeny?

A

The evolutionary history of an organism

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7
Q

What is cladistics?

A

classification using derived characteristics

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8
Q

What type of information is determined through cladistics?

A

They determine evolutionary relationships

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9
Q

What is a cladogram?

A

A diagram made from cladistics

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10
Q

Name 3 domains and identify organisms that belong to each

A
  1. Archaea- archaea bacteria
  2. Bacteria- eukarya (the kingdom)
  3. eukarya- all eukaryotes
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11
Q

Describe the 4 kingdoms belonging to the domain Eukarya.

A

Protist
Fungi
Plants
Animals

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12
Q

Taxonomy

A

The science of Naming and classifying organisms

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13
Q

What is unicellular

A

A living thing composed of 1 cell

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14
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

An organism that makes its own food

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15
Q

What is an eukaryotes

A

Contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

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16
Q

What is a prokaryote?

A

Lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

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17
Q

What is a dichotomous key?

A

A sequence of steps that you use to identify a scientific name

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18
Q

What is a homologous structure?

A

Similar features that originated in a common ancestor

Ex.. Wings of a bird

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19
Q

The result of the interbreeding of closely related species

A

Hybrid

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20
Q

What is an analogous structure?

A

Structures that have similar appearance and function

21
Q

The most inclusive classification organisms

A

Domain

22
Q

What is heterotrophy?

A

An organism that has to take in food

23
Q

An organisms evolutionary history

A

Phylogeny

24
Q

The science of naming and classifying organisms

A

Taxonomy

25
Q

Two-word system for naming organisms

A

Binomial nomenclature

26
Q

Similarities that evolve in organisms that are not closely related to one another

A

Convergent evolution

27
Q

Objective evolutionary analysis

A

Cladogram

28
Q

Contains genera

A

Family

29
Q

Least inclusive classification of organisms

A

Species

30
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom archaebacteria

A

Extremophiles

They love in harsh conditions

31
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom eubacteria

A

Salmonella

32
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista

A

Amoeba

33
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom fungi

A

Mold

34
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom plantae

A

Moss

35
Q

What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom animilla

A

Mammals

36
Q

What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the Protist

A

Have nuclei, uni & multicellular

37
Q

What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the fungi

A

Act as decomposers
Heterotrophs
Multicellular

38
Q

What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the plants

A

Multicellular
Autotrophic
Eukaryotes

39
Q

What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the animals

A

Multicellular
Heterotrophs
No cell wall

40
Q

What is the 1st part of a scientific name?

A

Genus

41
Q

What comes first, italicizes, and is capitalized?

A

Genus

42
Q

Comes last, italicizes, and is lowercase?

A

Species

43
Q

Which kingdom do organisms that don’t fit elsewhere usually end up?

A

Protista

44
Q

The true bacteria

A

Eubacteria

45
Q

What kingdom is found everywhere? (The bacteria you think of)

A

Eubacteria

46
Q

Which kingdom is ancient/extreme bacteria?

A

Archaebacteria

47
Q

Which kingdom lives in harsh conditions?

A

Archaebacteria

48
Q

Which kingdom absorbs food?

A

fungi

49
Q

Which kingdom uses photosynthesis, can’t move, and conserves water?

A

Plantae

50
Q

which kingdom do vertebrate and I vertebrate belong to?

A

Anamilia

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