Classification Study Guide Chap 18 Flashcards
Explain Linnaeus’ system
He grouped organisms into hierarchical categories
Explain Aristotle’s system
He classified things as plants or animals.
He then grouped them into land, air or water dwellers.
What is binominal nomenclature
A 2-part naming systems.
Genus and Species
Name the 6 kingdoms
Animilla Eubacteria Plantae Fungi Protista Archaebacteria
Sequence the 8 levels of biological classification
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Spices
Dear King Pablo came over for good spaghetti
What is multicellular
A living thing that is composed of more than 1 cell
What is phylogeny?
The evolutionary history of an organism
What is cladistics?
classification using derived characteristics
What type of information is determined through cladistics?
They determine evolutionary relationships
What is a cladogram?
A diagram made from cladistics
Name 3 domains and identify organisms that belong to each
- Archaea- archaea bacteria
- Bacteria- eukarya (the kingdom)
- eukarya- all eukaryotes
Describe the 4 kingdoms belonging to the domain Eukarya.
Protist
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Taxonomy
The science of Naming and classifying organisms
What is unicellular
A living thing composed of 1 cell
What is an autotroph?
An organism that makes its own food
What is an eukaryotes
Contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What is a prokaryote?
Lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What is a dichotomous key?
A sequence of steps that you use to identify a scientific name
What is a homologous structure?
Similar features that originated in a common ancestor
Ex.. Wings of a bird
The result of the interbreeding of closely related species
Hybrid
What is an analogous structure?
Structures that have similar appearance and function
The most inclusive classification organisms
Domain
What is heterotrophy?
An organism that has to take in food
An organisms evolutionary history
Phylogeny
The science of naming and classifying organisms
Taxonomy
Two-word system for naming organisms
Binomial nomenclature
Similarities that evolve in organisms that are not closely related to one another
Convergent evolution
Objective evolutionary analysis
Cladogram
Contains genera
Family
Least inclusive classification of organisms
Species
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom archaebacteria
Extremophiles
They love in harsh conditions
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom eubacteria
Salmonella
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista
Amoeba
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom fungi
Mold
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom plantae
Moss
What are the organisms that belong to the kingdom animilla
Mammals
What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the Protist
Have nuclei, uni & multicellular
What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the fungi
Act as decomposers
Heterotrophs
Multicellular
What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the plants
Multicellular
Autotrophic
Eukaryotes
What is the basis for grouping the organisms into the animals
Multicellular
Heterotrophs
No cell wall
What is the 1st part of a scientific name?
Genus
What comes first, italicizes, and is capitalized?
Genus
Comes last, italicizes, and is lowercase?
Species
Which kingdom do organisms that don’t fit elsewhere usually end up?
Protista
The true bacteria
Eubacteria
What kingdom is found everywhere? (The bacteria you think of)
Eubacteria
Which kingdom is ancient/extreme bacteria?
Archaebacteria
Which kingdom lives in harsh conditions?
Archaebacteria
Which kingdom absorbs food?
fungi
Which kingdom uses photosynthesis, can’t move, and conserves water?
Plantae
which kingdom do vertebrate and I vertebrate belong to?
Anamilia
