Classification of Substances Unit Test Flashcards
Classify substances, determine properties, differentiate atoms, ions & molecules, learn mechanical means of separation, changes in states of physical and chemical properties
Define a mixture.
Two or more chemical components that are mixed together, but are NOT chemically bound.
Define a compound.
Two or more chemical components that ARE chemically bound.
Define an element.
A single component that cannot be divided into various types of substances. OR A pure substance.
Define a mechanical mixture.
Two or more components that can be seen as different and are not chemically bound.
Is cobalt (Co) a mixture, compound or element?
Element.
Is a smoothie a mixture, compound or element?
Mixture.
Is clean air a mixture, compound or element?
Mixture.
Is copper chloride (CuCl2) a mixture, compound or element?
Compound.
Is a block of lead a mixture, compound or element?
Element.
Your car windshield begins to fog up. What is change between physical states is occurring?
Condensation (gas to liquid).
What is the change between physical states that occurs with dry ice?
Sublimation (solid to gas).
Your kettle emits steam as the water boils. What is the change between physical states that is occurring?
Evaporation (liquid to gas).
A stick of butter is placed in a hot frying pan. What is the change between physical states that is about to occur?
Melting (solid to liquid).
Frost has gathered on the windows. What change in physical states took place?
Deposition (gas to solid).
A tray of ice cubes hardens in the freezer. What is this change in physical state?
Freezing (liquid to solid).
Define an extensive property.
An extensive property varies with the amount of a substance (mass, volume, weight).
Define an intensive property.
An intensive property does not change no matter the amount of a substance (colour, melting point, boiling point, conductivity, physical state).
Extensive or intensive property: Water begins to boil at 100 degrees Celsius.
Intensive.
Extensive or intensive property: You have 2.3 grams of nutrient agar in a weigh boat.
Extensive.
Extensive or intensive property: A red rock.
Intensive.
Extensive or intensive property. Copper conducts electricity.
Intensive.
Extensive or intensive property. A piece of wood has a volume of 7 cubic meters.
Extensive.
What separation technique would you use for a solid in a solid?
Hand separation (using a sieve or a magnet).
What separation technique would you use for a solid in a liquid when you want the solid in a pure crystalline state and not the liquid?
Recrystallization.
What separation technique would you use if you want a solid but not the liquid?
Evaporation.
What separation technique would you use for a liquid in a liquid?
Distillation.
What separation technique would you use to dissolve one component of a solid in solid mixture?
Solvent extraction.
What separation technique would you use to separate a mechanical mixture based upon density?
Gravity separation.
What separation technique would you use for a solid in liquid solution when you want small amounts of the solid?
Chromatography.
What separation technique would you use for a solid in a liquid mechanical mixture?
Filtration.
Define an atom.
A single neutral particle.
Define a molecule.
Neutral particles made of two or more atoms bound together.
Define an ion.
A negative or positively charged particle.
What is a chemical change?
A change occurs and a new product is created. OR Atoms rearrange themselves.
What is a physical change?
A change occurs, but NO new product is created. OR Atoms may speed up, slow down, be heated or cooled.
Define a heterogeneous mixture.
All the components of the mixture do not mix uniformly (for example, stew).
Define a homogeneous mixture.
All components are uniformly mixed.
Gas to solid.
Deposition.
Solid to gas.
Sublimation
Gas to liquid.
Condensation.
Solid to liquid.
Melting.
Liquid to solid.
Freezing.
Liquid to gas.
Evaporation.
Chemical or physical change? Expansion of a solid when heated.
Physical change.
Chemical or physical change? Food rotting.
Chemical change.
