classification of schizophrenia Flashcards
what are the 2 major systems for classification of mental disorders
there 2 major systems for classification of mental disorders; the international classification of disease (ICD- 11) (UK)
and the
diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM-5) (USA)
how does ICD 11 work in order to get a diagnosis
in ICD 11 2 or more negative symptoms for a month or longer, are sufficient for a diagnosis
How does DSM - 5 work in order to Get a diagnosis
one positive symptom must be present for at least one mont, for a diagnosis.
what does the ICD 11 recognise that DSM - 5 doesn’t
ICD 11 also recognises subtypes of SZ
e.g paranoid SZ is characterised by powerful delusions and hallucinations whereas catatonic SZ involves problems with a patients movement e.g may be immobile for long periods of time
HOWEVER
DSM - 5 doesn’t categorise SZ further into subtypes
what are the positive symptoms?
an additional experience beyond those of ordinary existence
what are hallucinations?
unusual sensory experiences that have no basis in reality, they can have any affect in any sense
auditory hallucinations
visual hallucinations
what are delusions?
irrational/ false beliefs that have no basis in reality they can make people with SZ behave in ways that make sense to them but may be bizarre to others
- delusions of perception a false belief you’re being harassed e.g by the government
- delusions of control - false belief that you’re being controlled by something external e.g by aliens
what are negative symptoms?
a loss of usual abilities and experiences
what is avolition?
severe loss of motivation to carry out everyday tasks and difficulty to begin or keep up with goal directed activity
ANDREASON - identified 3 signs of avolition
- poor hygiene and grooming
- lack of persistence or work
- lack of energy
what is speech poverty?
a reduction in amount and quality of speech sometimes accompanied by a delay in the sufferers verbal response during convo or a lack of fluency
