Classification of schizophrenia Flashcards
Type 1 schizophrenia
Positive symptoms and better prospects of recovery
Type 2 schizophrenia
Negative symptoms and poorer prospects of recovery
positive symptoms
symptoms that reflect an excess or distortion of normal functions
e.g. hallucinations, delusions, disorganised speech and catatonic behaviour
hallucinations
positive
unusual sensory experiences
usually auditory but can also be visual, olfactory or tactile
delusions
positive
delusions can be of grandeur, emphasising one’s own power (e.g. I am an MI5 agent sent to protect the world) or of persecution (they are planning to kill me)
disorganised speech
positive
a result of abnormal thought processes, the individual may have problems in organising their speech, often demonstrating incoherence, muddle sentences or use of made up words (neologisms)
catatonic behaviour
positive
motor immobility (statue like behaviour)
negative symptoms
symptoms that reflect a reduction of loss of normal functioning
speech poverty, avolition
speech poverty
negative
little or no speech
avolition
negative
no motivation, inability to make decisions and engage in goal directed behaviour
age
onset of schizophrenia in males is normally in late teens
for females normally early twenties
prevalence
between 0.5% and 1% of population nationwide
duration
at least one positive symptom needs to be present for one month in a period of 6 months
ICD-10
puts emphasis on cognitive functioning of individuals by taking into account whether they experience:
thought insertion: a belief that someone is putting thoughts in your head
thought withdrawal: a belief that someone is taking away your thoughts
thought broadcasting: a belief that others can hear what you are thinking
DSM-V
puts emphasis on social and occupational functioning of individuals by taking into account whether they:
can hold a job
maintain relationships
take care of themselves
also considers:
- other comorbid disorders - whether the individual suffers from other disorders like depression
