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Perio #1 > Classification of Periodontal Diseases 9/23/15 > Flashcards

Classification of Periodontal Diseases 9/23/15 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the attachment level?

A

Distance from CEJ to attachment of Gingiva, ideally should be 0.

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2
Q

What are the Characteristics common to all gingival diseases?

A
  • Inflammation
  • signs and symptoms confined to the gingiva
  • Presences of dental plaque to initiate or exacerbate the severity of the lesion
  • Reversible when etiology is removed
  • Attachment loss does not have to occur, yet can be a precursor to attachment loss.
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3
Q

What systemic factors modify gingival diseases?

A
  • The endocrine system
  • Blood dyscrasias
  • Medications
  • Nutriton
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4
Q

What are the Endocrinotropic gingival diseases?

A
  1. Puberty-Associated gingivitis
  2. Menstrual cycle-associated gingivitis
  3. Pregnancy associated gingivitis
  4. Pregnancy associated pyogenic granuloma
  5. diabetes mellitus-associated gingivitis
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5
Q

What is a gingival disease associated with blood dycrasias?

A

Leukemia associated gingivitis

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6
Q

What medications can modify gingival diseases?

A
  • Drug induced gingival enlargements

- oral contraceptive associated gingivitis (rare)

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7
Q

What is a gingival disease that is modified by nutrition?

A

Ascorbic acid-deficiency gingivitis

  • Malnourished individuals
  • Scurvy
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8
Q

What are the 4 major groups of periodontal disease?

A
  1. Chronic periodontitis
  2. Agressive Periodontitis
  3. Necrotizing Periodontitis
  4. Plaque induced gingivitis
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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Chronic periodontitis?

A
  1. Pocket formation
  2. Loss of attachment (must exist)
  3. Bleeding
  4. Bone loss
  5. tooth mobility
    * most prevalent in adults
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10
Q

How fast is the progression of chronic periodontitis?

A

slow to moderate progression

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11
Q

What environmental factors modify chronic periodontitis?

A

smoking and stress

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12
Q

What disease can modify chronic periodontitis?

A

Diabetes

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13
Q

How is chronic periodontitis classified?

A

Extent:

  • Localized = less than 30% of dentition effected
  • Generalized = more than 30% of dentition effected

Severity:

  • slight = 1-2 mm CAL
  • Moderate = 3-4mm CAL
  • Severe = more than 5mm CAL
  • CAL = Clinical attachment level
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14
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • often systemically healthy
  • rapid attachment loss and bone destruction
  • familial aggregation
  • can be localized or generalized
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15
Q

What are the secondary features of Aggressive periodontitist?

A

May not be present, but:

  • Microbial deposits are inconsistent with the amount of periodontal destruction
  • elevated A.a and P. gingival levels
  • Phagocyte abnormalities (lazy phagocytes)
  • Hyper-responsive macrophage phenotype
  • progression may be self-arresting
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Localized Aggressive periodontitis?

A
  • Circumpubertal onset
  • robust serum antibody response to infecting agnets
  • Localized first molar/incisor presentation (Has to be a molar)
  • Interproximal attachment lost on at least 2 permanent teeth.
  • involving no more that 2 teeth other than first molars and incisors.
17
Q

What are the characteristics of generalized aggressive periodontitis?

A

Usually patient is under 30…

  • poor serum antibody response to infecting agents
  • Pronounced episodic nature of destruction of attachment and bone.
  • Generalized inter proximal attachment loss affecting at least 3 permeant teeth other than first molar and incisors
18
Q

Can Periodontitis be a manifestation of systemic disease?

A

Yes!

  • associated with hematologic disorders
  • Associated with genetic disorders (down syndrome)
19
Q

What are the 2 types of Necrotizing periodontitis?

A
  1. Necrotizing Ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) = limited to gingival tissues
  2. Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) = confined to periodontal tissues.
20
Q

Where might you find Necrotizing periodontitis?

A

HIV patient

21
Q

What are the symptoms of NPD?

A

Early signs = necrotic lesion of the papilla, then progression into the gingiva (punched out appearance and spontaneous bleeding)

Advanced lesion = lack of deep pockets, merging of papillary and marginal involvement. Results in crater formation. *Involvement of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone (NUG–>NUP)

22
Q

What are the signs of NUP?

A
  • Involvement of palatal mucosa
  • Involvement of lymph nodes
  • Typically related to severely compromised immune system (HIV)
  • May develop into life-threatening disease
23
Q

What are the 3 types of periodontal lesions?

A
  1. Gingival
  2. Periodontal
  3. Pericoronal

Perio #1 (9 decks)

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