classification of periodontal diseases Flashcards
what are two forms of periodontal disease?
gingivitis
periodontitis
what are the two types or classifications of gingival diseases?
Plaque induced.
Non-plaque induced.
what are the plaque induced gingival diseases like?
- Associated with dental plaque only. (+ local factors)
- Modified by systemic factors.
- Modified by medications.
- Modified by malnutrition.
what is non-plaque induced gingival lesions?
Gingival diseases of specific bacterial origin.
Gingival diseases of viral origin.
Gingival diseases of fungal origin.
Gingival diseases of genetic origin.
Gingival manifestations of systemic conditions.
Traumatic lesions.
Foreign body reactions.
what are the classifications of periodontitis?
Chronic local, generalized.
Aggressive.
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases [tm 2].
Necrotizing periodontal diseases [yr4].
Abscesses [yr4].
Perio - endo lesions.
what is chronic periodontitis?
An infectious disease resulting in inflammation within the supporting structures of teeth, progressive attachment and bone loss.
It is characterized by pocket formation and/or gingival recession. It is recognized as the most frequently occurring form of periodontitis. Its onset may be at any age but is most commonly detected in adults. The prevalence and severity of the disease increases with age. It may affect a variable number of teeth and has variable rates of progression.
what are the characteristics of chronic periodontitis?
Most prevalent in adults.
Amount of destruction is consistent with presence of local factors.
Subgingival calculus is a frequent finding.
Slow to moderate rate of progression but may have periods of rapid progression.
what are the signs of periodontitis (the diagnosis of periodontits can be made after considering these)?
- Gingival inflammation.
* Moderate to deep pockets.
* Loss of Attachment.
* Recession (maybe).
* Mobility.
Furcal defects.
* Bone loss is usually Horizontal.
what is slight to moderate periodontitis generally characterized by? and what about advanced periodontitis?
Slight to moderate periodontitis is generally characterized by PD’s up to 6 mm with CAL of up to 4 mm. There may be radiographic evidence of bone loss, furcal defects (multi rooted teeth) and tooth mobility may be present.(in addition to signs of gingivitis)
Advanced periodontitis is generally characterized by PD’s >6 mm with CAL > 4 mm. You will notice radiographic evidence of bone loss, furcal defects and elicit tooth mobility.
what is more about moderate and severe periodontal disease?
When conducting a large study, for a person to have periodontitis, he or she must have at least one site with 3 mm or more of attachment loss and 4 mm or more of pocket depth.
Moderate periodontal disease is defined as having at least two teeth with interproximal attachment loss of 4 mm or more OR at least two teeth with 5 mm or more of pocket depth at interproximal sites.
Severe periodontal disease is defined as having at least two teeth with interproximal attachment loss of 6 mm or more AND at least one tooth with 5 mm or more of pocket depth at interproximal sites.
what does localized or generalized mean?
Localized < 30% sites affected.
Generalized > 30% sites affected.
for bone loss or LA what is the Mild to Moderate to Advanced?
Mild – 1-2 mm
Mod – 3-4 mm
Advanced - >5 mm
It is better to express bone loss in mm rather than mild/mod/advanced.
what is aggresive periodontitis, what was it also called?
WAS ALSO CALLED…
PRE-PUBERTAL PERIODONTITIS.
JUVENILE PERIODONTITIS.
RAPIDLY PROGRESSING PERIODONTITIS.
(The above three were later lumped together and called EARLY ONSET PERIODONTITIS.)(Now they are still lumped together and called AP)
what is AP in a young child?
Pre-pubertal periodontitis/PPP
Recently recognized as a separate entity – rare.
Affects children below 10-12 years.
Advanced destruction.
Other systemic diseases may or may not be found.
Begins soon after the primary teeth erupt.
* Extensive acute inflammation.
* Rapid bone loss.
* All or some teeth are affected.
* Permanent teeth may or may not be affected.
These children frequently have recurrent infections such as otitis media.
Have subgingival flora characterized by increased levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, bacteriodes intermedius, b. gingivalis, capnocytphagea,and e. corrodens.
Exhibit defects in immune response, such as neutrophil dysfunction/hyper function.
what is AP like in adolescent (juvenile periodontitis?
In the ‘old’ days also referred to as ‘Paradontosis’ or ‘Periodontosis’.
Two types:
Localized – 1st molars and incisors LJP
Generalized – many more teeth involved
