classification of matter

Question 1

definition of a pure substance

Answer 1

Pure Substances: Made up of only 1 type of particle.

Question 2

definition of a mixture

Answer 2

Mixtures: Made up of 2 or more types of particles.

Question 3

types of mixtures

Answer 3

Heterogenous Mixtures -all components of the mixture are visible because they do not mix together. The particles are not distributed evenly.
Homogeneous Mixtures/Solutions -components cannot be distinguished from each other, and the mixture appears as one uniform substance. The particles distribute evenly throughout, as well.

Question 4

solution

Answer 4

Solutions continued !!

Separate particles are not visible because one dissolves in the other = dissolution.

Question 5

solutes & solvents

Answer 5

Solute: The particles that get dissolved.

Solvent: The particles that dissolve the solute.

Solvent gets dissolves the solute.

Question 6

what is an element

Answer 6

Elements -pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and they contain only one kind of atom. Ex, Mercury, Oxygen, etc.

Elements are the building blocks for all other substances which can create anything.

Compounds -pure substances that contain two or more different elements in a fixed proportion, they can be identified with a chemical formula, ex. NaCl, H2O, 2SO4.

Question 7

difference between elements and compounds

Answer 7

Elements

• Made up of one type of atom only
• Produced when elements combine together during a chemical reaction.

Compounds
-Contain 2 or more types of atoms.

Question 8

what is a chemical change

Answer 8

Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances.

Question 9

signs of chemical change

Answer 9

Change is indicated by: 
Production of light
Production of gas
Changes in colour
The formation of a precipitate
The production or absorption of thermal energy

Examples: cooking, burning, rusting, etc.

Question 10

oxygen gas test

Answer 10

Oxygen Gas Test - A glowing splint will reignite itself in the presence of Oxygen gas.

Question 11

hydrogen gas test

Answer 11

Hydrogen Gas Test - A burning splint will produce a small explosion and make a popping sound in the presence of Hydrogen gas.

Question 12

carbon dioxide test

Answer 12

Carbon Dioxide Test

• Carbon Dioxide will extinguish a burning splint.
• Carbon Dioxide will make Limewater go from clear to cloudy. The cloudiness is a result of the formation of a precipitate.