Classification of Matter Flashcards
a system
the part of the universe being studied in a given situation
a phase
any part of a system which is uniform in both its composition and properties
Phases in a system are distinct _____ separated from each other by ______ ________.
regions
visible boundaries
an element
substance which cannot be separated into simpler substances as a result of any chemical process
an atom
smallest possible unit of an element which retains the fundamental properties of the element
a molecule
a cluster of two or more atoms held together strongly by electrical forces
an ion
an atom or molecule which possesses and electrical charge
a particle
a general term used to describe a small bit of matter such as an atom, molecule, or ion
homogeneous substance
substance consisting of only one phase
heterogeneous substance
substance consisting of more than one phase
pure substance
a substance that is homogeneous and has an unchangeable composition (cannot be separated, a element or compound/molecule)
mixture
a system made up of two or more substances, such that relative amounts of each substance can be varied
a mechanical mixture
a heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances
true or false: all heterogeneous substances are mechanical mixtures, and vice versa
TRUE
a solution
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
a solvent
a component in a solution which exist in the greater quantity
aqueous solutions
solutions where the solvent is water
a solute
component in a solution which exist in the smaller quantity
In a solution of 60% alcohol and 40% water, what is the solvent?
Water, water tends to be the solvent, even if it exist in the lesser quantity
a compound
a pure substance made up of two or more types of atoms, only one type of molecule is present in the compound
the physical properties of pure substances…
are unchanging and have uniform properties in solid, gas, or liquid state
the physical properties of homogeneous mixtures…
are uniform and unchanging in a particular composition, but if the composition changes, a new set of uniform and unchanging physical properties result
the physical properties of heterogeneous mixtures…
each have different physical properties regardless of the composition
