CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Flashcards
A particular kind of matter (pure) with definite, fixed composition, and property, density, fusion, boiling temperatures. Can be either an element or compound
Pure Substance
A substance made up of only one type of atom, each with the same number of protons
Elements
How many elements are known?
118
How many elements occur naturally?
94
Types of elements:
Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids
Usually hard and solid, malleable and ductile, conductor of heat and electricity, lustrous and shiny, high density, high melting and boiling point, and high tensile energy
Metals
Some are solid, liquid, or gas, usually soft, brittle, basically insulators, dull, low melting and boiling points, low density, and low tensile strength
Nonmetals
Solids, brittle, intermediate electrical conductivity, intermediate reflectance, low melting and boiling points, intermediate density, low tensile strength
Metalloids
A chemical combination of either two or more elements. They are substances that can be broken down by chemical methods, when they are broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the compound.
Compounds
Common compounds:
- Salt (NaCl / sodium chloride)
- Chalk (CaCO3 / calcium carbonate)
- Baking Soda (NaHCO3 / sodium carbonate)
- Table Sugar (C12H22O11 / sucrose)
- Muriatic Acid (HCl / hydrochloric acid)
Has more than one kind of matter/substances that are physically combined
in variable composition, do not have well defined properties, and has a variable composition
Mixture
2 types of mixtures
Heterogenous and Homogenous
Can clearly distinguish different substances that make up a mixture
Heterogenous
A heterogeneous mixture with particles bigger than solution but smaller than those of a suspension
Colloids
A heterogeneous mixture where the suspended particles can be seen and are large enough to be filtered
Suspension
