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Alevel Design Technology [3.1 Technical principles] > Classification of materials > Flashcards

Classification of materials Flashcards

1
Q

3 categories for metal?

A

ferrous, non ferrous, alloys

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2
Q

What are Alloys?

A

Mixtures of two or more metals in order to produce a metal with improved properties

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3
Q

Name 4 alloys

A

-Brass
-Stainless steel
-Bronze
-Pewter

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4
Q

Describe Brass’ charateristics

A

-malleable
-easy to cast
-good electrical condoctor
-can be polished
$$$

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5
Q

What is Brass used for

A

-musical instuments
-Plumbing

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of stainless steel

A

-doesn’t rust
-hard & smooth
-malleable
-easily cleaned
-can be recycled

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7
Q

What is stainless steel used for?

A

-Cutlery
-medical tools

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Bronze?

A

-Tough
-corrosion resistant
-can be cast

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9
Q

What is Bronze used for?

A

-statues
-coins

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of Pewter?

A

-malleable
-low melting point
-casts well

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11
Q

What is Pewter used for?

A

-Jewelry
-Decorative items

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12
Q

What is a pure metal?

A

a metal on the periodic table

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13
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?

A

metals that DO NOT CONTAIN IRON so they ARE NOT magnetic and WILL tarnish

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14
Q

Name 6 non-ferrous metals

A

-Aluminium
-Copper
-Tin
-Titanium
-Gold
-Silver

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of Aluminium?

A

-Light
-High strength to weight ratio
-ductile
$$$

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16
Q

What is aluminium used for?

A

-Pots & pans
-Cars
-cans

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17
Q

What are the charateristics of copper

A

-Ductile
-Malleable
-good conductor
-does tarnish
$$$

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18
Q

What is copper used for?

A

Plumbing supplies & cables

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of Tin?

A

-Soft
-Malleable
-good condoctor
-less dense than steel

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20
Q

What is Tin used for?

A

Used as a protective coating (glavanising)

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of Titanium

A

-Hard
-Good strength to weight ratio
-High corrosive resistance

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22
Q

What is titanium used for?

A

-Hip replacements
-golf clubs
-aircrafts
-will not tarnish

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of Gold?

A

-Malleable
-ductile
-corrosion resistant

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24
Q

What is Gold used for?

A

-Jewellery
-electronic componets

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25
Q

What are the characteristics of silver?

A

-Malleable
-ductile
-can be soldered

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26
Q

What is silver used for?

A

-Jewellery
-cutlery
-plating other metals

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27
Q

what are ferrous metals?

A

meatls that contain IRON so are MAGNETIC and WILL RUST

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28
Q

Name 4 ferrous metals

A

-Low carbon steel
-medium carbon steel
-High carbon steel
-Cast Iron

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29
Q

What are the characteristics of Low carbon steel?

A

-Tough
-ductile
-easily machined and welded

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30
Q

What is Low carbon steel used for?

A

-Construction
-screws
-cars

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31
Q

What are the characteristics of Medium carbon steel?

A

-less ductile
-malleable
-tough

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32
Q

What is medium carbon steel used for?

A

-springs
-gardening tools

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33
Q

What are the characteristics of High carbon steel?

A

-Hard
-wears well
-Resists abrasion

34
Q

What can High carbon steel be used for?

A

-tools
-blades
-drills
-knives

35
Q

what are the characteristics of cast iron?

A

-hard and brittle
-easily cast
-hard to machine

36
Q

What can Cast iron be used for?

A

-Pots
-pans
-vices
-Pillars in buildings

37
Q

What are the general performance characteristics of metals

A
  • Good conductors
  • Suitable for a range of uses
  • Can be joined and shaped using a variety of processes
  • Can be recycled
  • Biodegradable
  • Non-renewable resource
  • Takes on a variety of coatings and finishes
38
Q

What are the stock forms of metals?

A

-Sheets
-plates
-bars
-tubes
-structural angular shapes

39
Q

What does the primary processing of metals include?

A

-Metals being processed from ores in the ground
-Ore put in blast furnace (extraction)
-The metal is then separated from the waste material

40
Q

What are Manufactured boards?

A

man-made boards using a mixture of natural timbers and adhesives

41
Q

Name 5 types of manufactured boards?

A

-Plywood
-Aeroply
-Flexi-ply
-Chipboard
-MDF

42
Q

Describe Plywood

A

-Thin layers of wood placed at 90 degrees from each other and glued
-This prevents warping and helps with strength

43
Q

What is plywood used for?

A

-Indoor furniture
-Floorboards

44
Q

Describe Aeroply

A

-Plywood made from birch
-thin and lightweight
-easy to bend

45
Q

What is Aeroply used for?

A

-Jewellery
-gliders
-furniture

46
Q

Describe Flexi-ply

A

-two outer layer of the plywood made from open-grained timber
-allowing it to flex

47
Q

Describe chipboard (LDF)

A
  • LDF= low density fibre board
    -wood chips compressed with resin
48
Q

What is Felxi-ply used for?

A

-laminated furniture
-curved panels

49
Q

What is chipboard used for?

A

-kitchen units
-shelving
-flat pack furniture

50
Q

Describe MDF

A
  • MDF= medium density fibreboard
    -compressed wood dust fibres with resin
51
Q

What can MDF be used for?

A

-model making
-furniture

52
Q

Advantages of manufactured boards

A

-comes in sheet form (good for manufacturing)
-guaranteed consistency (no knots/ splits)
-cheaper and more sustainable (recycled timber)

53
Q

What are HARDWOODS?

A

-wood from deciduous trees these trees:
-loose their leaves
-stop growing in winter
-produce fruit and flowers in spring

54
Q

Name 6 hardwoods?

A

-Oak
-Ash
-Mahogany

-Teak
-Birch
-Beech

55
Q

Describe oak

A

-Hard
-Tough
-good weather resistance
-attractive grain

56
Q

What is oak used for?

A

-Furnaiture
-Flooring
-Joinery

57
Q

Describe ash wood

A

-Tough
-attractive grain
-open grain makes it flexible

58
Q

What is ash wood used for?

A

-Ladders
-tools
-laminating

59
Q

Describe Mahogany

A

-easily worked
-durable
-high quality finish

60
Q

what is Mahogany used for?

A

High end furniture

61
Q

Describe Teak

A

-Hard
-Tough
-natural oils resist moisture

62
Q

What is Teak used for?

A

-Outdoor furniture
-lab bench

63
Q

Describe Birch

A

-Hard
-Closed grained
-resistant to warping

64
Q

What is Birch used for?

A

-furniture
-indoor paneling and veneers

65
Q

Describe Beech

A

-Fine finish (finishes well)
-tough
-durable
-warps easily

66
Q

What is beech used for?

A

-Toys
-furniture
-veneers

67
Q

What are SOFTWOODS?

A

-woods from coniferous trees
-Evergreen (grow all year round)
-Thin spike leaves and produce nuts

68
Q

Name 4 softwoods

A

-Pine
-Spruce
-Larch
-Cedar

69
Q

Describe Pine

A

-Light
-easy to work with
-prone to warping and splitting
-has lots of knots

70
Q

what is Pine used for?

A

-Cheap furniture
-Construction
-Decking

71
Q

Describe Spruce

A

-Easy to work with
-high stiffness
-can decay quickly

72
Q

What is spruce used for?

A

-furniture
-musical instruments
-construction

73
Q

Describe Larch

A

-Durable
-Tough
-Good water resistance
-finishes well

74
Q

What is Larch used for?

A

-furniture
-flooring
-used outdoors

75
Q

Describe Cedar

A

-Acidic nature causes metal corrosion
-low density
-rot + insect resistant

76
Q

What is Cedar used for?

A

-Exterior cladding
-sheds
-greenhouses

77
Q

What are some general characteristics of woods

A

-Strong in grain direction
-Seasoning woods prevents defects e.g twisting
-Wood dust can be hazardous to humans
-Biodegradable
-recyclable
-can come from sustainable forests

78
Q

what are the stock forms of Woods

A

-Sheets
-boards
-dowels
-mouldings

78
Q

what are the stock forms of Woods

A

-Sheets
-boards
-dowels
-mouldings

79
Q

Disadvantages of manufactured boards

A

-easily peeled off
-not resistant to insects
-difficult to cut

80
Q

Advantages of natural woods

A

-suggest quality
-attractive
-some last in wet conditions
-strong and durable

81
Q

Disadvantage of natural woods

A

-have knots and splits (inconsistent)
-will rot if not treated

Alevel Design Technology [3.1 Technical principles] (47 decks)

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