Classification of Living Organisms

Question 1

prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

Answer 1

prokaryotes lack nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles, dna singular circular molecule

eukaryotes have membrane enclosed nucleus and usually other organelles

Question 2

Three main branches of the phylogenetic tree

Answer 2

Bacteria, Archea, Eucarya

Question 3

3 domains

Answer 3

Bacteria, Archea, Eucarya

Question 4

Membrane enclosed nucleus

Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

Answer 4

B - absent
A - Absent
E - Present

Question 5

Cell division B A E

Answer 5

B - Binary fission
A - Binary Fission
E - Mitosis

Question 6

Microbes specific surface area?

Answer 6

large specific surface area, high surface area to volume ratio

Question 7

10^12 bacteria cells is how much surface area?

Answer 7

3m^2

Question 8

Energy source for eukaryotes?

Answer 8

organic chemicals that can be broken down to glucose, light

Question 9

Energy source for prokaryotes?

Answer 9

Wide range of organic and inorganic chemicals, light

Question 10

Electron acceptors for eukaryotes?

Answer 10

O2

Question 11

Electron acceptors for prokaryotes?

Answer 11

O2, NO3-

Question 12

Microbial limit for cold

Answer 12

-20 to -30 C

Question 13

Microbial limit for hot

Answer 13

121C, hotspings, hydrothermal

Question 14

Microbial limit salinity

Answer 14

Ocean 3.5%
Great Salt Lake 27%
dead sea 29%

Question 15

Microbial limit Radiation

Answer 15

5000 grays of ionizing radiation (Deinococcus radiodurans), 10 grays kills human

Question 16

Microbial impacts on the environment

Answer 16

Recycle nutrients
● Generate oxygen in the atmosphere
○ Many oxygen producers in ocean
● Carry out primary production
● Degrade toxic wastes and remediate contaminated soils
● Form mutualistic interactions with plants
● Soil formation, formation and maintenance of soil structure