Classification Of Joints Flashcards
Define a joint
A connection between two bones
How do you classify between different types of joints? What are the three types of joint? What are the three degrees of freedom called?
Type of tissue present or degree of movement
Fibrous - connected by fibrous tissue
Cartilaginous - bones connected by cartilage
Synovial - articulating surfaces enclosed within fluid-filled joint capsule
Synathrosis - immovable
Amphiarthrosis - slightly moveable
Diarthrosis - freely moveable
What type of joints are fibrous?
How do you further sub-classifications of fibrous joints?
Afibrous jointis where the bones are bound by a tough, fibrous tissue. These are typically joints that require strength and stability over range of movement.
Fibrous joints can be further sub-classified into sutures, gomphoses and syndesmoses.
What are sutures and where are they found?
When do sutures form?
Sutures areimmovablejoints (synarthrosis), and are only found between the flat, plate-like bones of the skull.
There is limited movement until about 20 years of age, after which they become fixed and immobile. They are most important in birth, as at that stage the joints are not fused, allowing deformation of the skull as it passes through the birth canal.
What are Gomphoses and where do they form?
What binds a tooth to its socket?
Gomphoses are also immovable joints. They are found where the teeth articulate with their sockets in the maxilla (upper teeth) or the mandible (lower teeth).
The tooth is bound into its socket by the strong periodontal ligament.
What are syndesmosis and where are they found?
What is the name of the membrane that holds together syndesmosis joints?
Syndesmoses are slightly movable joints (amphiarthroses).
They are comprised of bones held together by an interosseous membrane. The middle radioulnar joint and middle tibiofibular joint are examples of a syndesmosis joint.
What is the definition of a cartilaginous joint?
What are the subcategories of cartilaginous joints?
In a cartilaginous joint, the bones are united by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage.
There are two main types: synchondroses (primary cartilaginous) and symphyses (secondary cartilaginous).
What connects bone in a synchondrosis ?
Are these joints synarthrosic?
In a synchondrosis, the bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. These joints are immovable (synarthrosis).
An example of a synchondrosis is the joint between the diaphysis and epiphysis of a growing long bone.
What connects bones in a symphyses?
Are they synarthrosic or amphiarthrosic?
Symphysial joints are where the bones are united by a layer of fibrocartilage. They are slightly movable (amphiarthrosis).
Examples include the pubic symphysis, and the joints between vertebral bodies.
