Classification of Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Single layer of flat cells that resembles a tiled floor when viewed from apical surface. Centrally located nucleus that is flattened and oval or spherical in shape.

Answer 1

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 2

Lines the cardiovascular and lymphatic system where it is known as endothelium, forms the epithelial layer of serious membranes where it is called mesothelium. Also found in air sacs of lungs, glomerular(Bowman’s) capsule of kidney’s, & inner surface of tympanic membrane (eardrum).

Answer 2

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 3

Present at sites of filtration (blood in kidneys) or diffusion (oxygen into blood vessels of lungs) and at sites of secretion in serious membranes.

Answer 3

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 4

Not found in body areas subject to mechanical stress.

Answer 4

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 5

A single layer of cube-shaped cells with a round and centrally located nucleus.

Answer 5

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 6

Covers surface of ovary, lines anterior surface of capsule of lens, forms pigmented epithelium at posterior surface of retina, lines kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands, makes up secreting portion of some glands such as thyroid gland and ducts of some glands such as pancreas.

Answer 6

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 7

Functions in secretion and absorption.

Answer 7

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 8

A single layer of nonciliated column-like cells with oval nuclei near base of cells. Contains epithelial cells with microvilli at apical surface and goblet cells.

Answer 8

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 9

Lines gastrointestinal tract (from stomach to anus), ducts of many glands, and gallbladder.

Answer 9

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 10

Functions in secretion and absorption. Contains more organelles and are thus capable of higher level secretion and absorption. Secreted mucus lubricates linings of digestive, respiratory tracts, and most of urinary tract. Helps prevent destruction of stomach lining by acidic gastric juice secreted by stomach.

Answer 10

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 11

A single layer of ciliated column-like cells with oval nuclei near base of cells with interspersed goblet cells.

Answer 11

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 12

Lines some bronchioles of respiratory tract, uterine tubes, uterus, some paranasal sinuses, central canal of spinal cord, and ventricles of brain.

Answer 12

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 13

Cilia beat in unison, moving mucus and foreign particles toward throat, where they can be coughed up and swallowed or spit out. Coughing and sneezing speed up movement of cilia mucus. Cilia also help move oocytes expelled from ovaries through uterine tubes into uterus.

Answer 13

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Question 14

Appears to have several layers because cell nuclei are at various levels. All cells are attached to the basement membrane in a single layer, but some sells do not extend to the apical surface. Ciliated variety contains cells that extend to surface and secrete mucus or bear cilia. Conciliated variety contain cells without cilia and lack goblet cells.

Answer 14

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 15

Secretes mucus that traps foreign particles and cilia sweep away mucus for elimination from the body. This variety lines airways of most upper respiratory tract.

Answer 15

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Question 16

Functions in absorption and protection. This variety lines larger ducts of many glands, epididymis, and par of male urethra.

Answer 16

Pseudostratified Nonciliated Columnar Epithelium

Question 17

Has two or more layers of cells. The cells in the apical layer and several layers deep to it are squamous while cells in deeper layers very from cuboidal to columnar.

Answer 17

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 18

Keratinized variety develops tough layer of keratin in apical layer of cells and several layers deep to it. Nonkeratinized variety does not contain large amounts of keratin in apical layer and is constantly moistened by mucus from salivary and mucous glands; organelles are not replaced.

Answer 18

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 19

The keratinized variety forms superficial layer of skin. The nonkeratinized variety lines wet surfaces (mouth, esophagus, part of epiglottis, part of pharynx, and vagina) and covers tongue.

Answer 19

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 20

Functions in protection against abrasion, water loss, ultraviolet radiation, and foreign invasions. Both types form first line of defense against microbes.

Answer 20

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 21

Has two or more layers of cells; cells in apical layer are cube-shaped. (fairly rare)

Answer 21

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 22

Located in ducts of adult sweat glands and esophageal glands, part of male urethra.

Answer 22

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 23

Functions in protection; limited secretion and absorption.

Answer 23

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 24

Basal layer usually consists of shortened, irregularly shaped cells; only apical layer has columnar cells. (very rare)

Answer 24

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 25

Lines part of urethra, large excretory ducts of some glands (esophageal glands), small areas in anal mucous membrane, part of conjunctiva of eye.

Answer 25

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 26

Functions in protection and secretion.

Answer 26

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 27

Has a variable appearance. In relaxed state, looks like stratified cuboidal epithelium, except apical layer cells tend to be large and rounded.

Answer 27

Transitional Epithelium

Question 28

Multiple layers and elasticity make it ideal for lining hollow structures subject to expansion from within. Lines urinary bladder and portions of ureters and urethra

Answer 28

Transitional Epithelium

Question 29

Allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain protective lining while holding in variable amounts of fluid without rupturing

Answer 29

Transitional Epithelium