Classification Of English Consonant Phonemes Flashcards
Obstruents
Include stops, fricatives, and africates
Sonorants
Includes nasals, approximants (glides & liquids)
Stops
p, b, t, d, k, g, ʔ
Fricatives
f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h
Affricates (stops + fricatives)
tʃ, dʒ
Nasals
m, n, ŋ
Glides
w, j, w
Liquids
l, r
/p/
stop, bilabial, voiceless
/b/
stop, bilabial, voiced
/t/
stop, alveolar, voiceless
/d/
stop, alveolar, voiced
/k/
stop, velar, voiceless
/g/
stop, velar, voiced
/ʔ/
stop, glottal, voiceless
/f/
fricative, labiodental, voiceless
/v/
fricative, labiodental, voiced
/θ/
fricative, interdental, voiceless
/ð/
fricative, interdental, voiced
/s/
fricative, alveolar, voiceless
/z/
fricative, alveolar, voiced
/ʃ/
fricative, palatal, voiceless
/ʒ/
fricative, palatal, voiced
/h/
fricative, glottal, voiceless
/tʃ/
affricate, palatal, voiceless
/dʒ/
affricate, palatal, voiced
/m/
nasals, bilabial, voiced
/n/
nasals, alveolar, voiced
/ŋ/
nasals, velar, voiced
/w/
glides, labiovelar, voiced
/j/
glides, alveolar, voiced
/l/
liquids, alveolar, voiced
/r/
liquids, palatal, voiced
