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A&P Lab > CLASSIFICATION OF BONES AND CARTILAGE > Flashcards

CLASSIFICATION OF BONES AND CARTILAGE Flashcards

Vobaulary

1
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A
  • Support and protection
  • Provide movement
  • Store minerals like lipids and calcium
  • Provide site for blood cell formation with the RB marrow
  • Attachment for muscles
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2
Q

How many bones in body

A

206

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3
Q

Two divisions of the skeletal system

A

-Axial and Appendicular

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4
Q

what are examples of axial skeleton

A

brain and vertabrae

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5
Q

what are examples of appendicular skeleton

A

limbs and appendages

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6
Q

How many cartilages are found in the body

A

3

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7
Q

what are the 3 cartilages in the body

A
  • Hyaline
  • elastic
  • Fibrocartilage
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8
Q

which cartilage in the body is most common

A

hyaline

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9
Q

found/support external ear

A

elastic

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10
Q

found in epiglottis

A

elastic

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11
Q

provide flexibility

A

elastic

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12
Q

provide strength and shock obsorption

A

fibrocartilage

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13
Q

what are the four types of hyaline carilage

A

Articular, Costal, Nasal and Respiratory

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14
Q

articular hyaline cartilage

A

Cover ends of bones at movable joints

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15
Q

Costal hyaline cartilage

A

Connects the ribs at sternum

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16
Q

Nasal hyaline cartilage

A

support external nose

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17
Q

Respiratory hyaline cartilage

A

found in larynx and other respiratory structures

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18
Q

what are the three types of fibcrocartilage found in the body

A

Intervertebral disc, Menisci and Pubic symphysis

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19
Q

Intervertebral disc

A

between vertebrae

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20
Q

Menisci

A

in knee joint

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21
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

in hip bones

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22
Q

How do we classify bones

A

long, short, flat or irregular

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23
Q

long bones

A
  • longer than wide
  • shaft with head at the end
  • compact bone
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24
Q

example of long bone

A

femur, humerus, and phalanges

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25
Q

short bones

A
  • Cube shaped

- spongy bone

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26
Q

examples of short bones

A

tarsal, talus and carpals

27
Q

flat bones

A
  • thin
  • spongy bone
  • curved
28
Q

examples of flat bones

A

cranium, and sternum

29
Q

irregular bones

A

no defined shape

30
Q

examples of irregular bones

A

vertebrae

31
Q

what are the other two classification of bones

A

sesamoid and sutural

32
Q

sesamoid bone

A

Short bones formed within tendons

33
Q

example of sesamoid bone

A

Patella

34
Q

sutural bone

A

Tiny bones between cranial bones

35
Q

what are bone markings

A

markings that help us reveal where bones form joints with other bones, where tendons, muscles, ligaments were attached and where blood vessels and nerves passed.

36
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large rounded projection; may be rounded

37
Q

Crest

A

Narrow ridge of bone

38
Q

Trochanter

A

large irregular shaped

39
Q

Line

A

narrow ridge of bone; less prominent

40
Q

Tubercle

A

small rounded projection

41
Q

Epicondyle

A

Raised area above condyle

42
Q

Spine

A

: sharp and slender

43
Q

Process

A

Bony projections

44
Q

Head

A

bony extension, structured supported by neck

45
Q

Facet

A

smooth, flat articular surface

46
Q

Condyle

A

rounded articular projection

47
Q

Ramus

A

Arm-like projection

48
Q

Fissure

A

slit-like opening

49
Q

Foramen

A

Round or oval opening through bone

50
Q

Notch

A

Indentation at edge of a structure

51
Q

Meatus

A

canal like structure

52
Q

Sinus

A

bone cavity filled with air

53
Q

Fossa

A

shallow depression

54
Q

Diaphysis

A

bone shaft

55
Q

Periosteum

A

Membrane covering

56
Q

Epiphysis

A

end of long bone

57
Q

Articular cartilage

A

provide smooth surface to prevent friction at joints

58
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

growth plate remnant

59
Q

medullary cavity

A

site of yellow bone marrow storage in adults

60
Q

red bone marrow

A

site of blood formation

61
Q

Endosteum

A

Contain two membranous sites of osteoprogenitor cells that develop to osteoblasts.

62
Q

what is the function of the organic matrix in the bone

A

Flexibility

63
Q

what is the important organic bone component

A

collagen fibers

64
Q

what is the function of calcium salts

A

Inorganic matrix that provide hardness of bone

A&P Lab (8 decks)

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