classification of bone Flashcards

1
Q

Longer than wide. range from very large femur to small phalangeal bones

A

long bone

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2
Q

complex shape with notches and processes.

examples are vertebrae

A

irregular bone

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3
Q

similar length and width and roughly cube-shaped.

examples are carpals and tarsals

A

short bone

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4
Q

Develop inside tendons, small and flat bones

A

sesamoid bone

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5
Q

protect underlying structures. Large surface area for tendon and ligament attachments.
Thin like a plat*
examples are cranila bones, ribs and scapula

A

flat bone

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6
Q

composed of hyaline cartilage

covers portion of each epiphysis involved in joint

A

Articular cartilage

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7
Q

narrow zone between each epiphysis and the diaphysis. Also called metaphysis or epiphyseal plate when cartilage is present

A

Spongy bone

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8
Q

contains yellow bone marrow. lined with spongy bone

A

Medullary cavity

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9
Q

connective tissue membrane. lines medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

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10
Q

Found in medullary cavity. Gets its yellow color from an abundance of flat cells

A

Yellow bone marrow

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11
Q

cavities of spongy bone house red bone marrow

sites of Hematopoiesis*

A

Epiphyseal disks

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12
Q

thin connective tissue covering surface of long bone

A

Periosteum

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13
Q

axial end of the long bone. composed primarily of spongy bone with thin covering of compact bone

A

Proximal epiphysis

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14
Q

tube-shape shaft of long bone*

composed of both compact bone and spongy bone

A

Diaphysis

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15
Q

distal end of the long bone same composition as proximal epiphysis.

A

Distal epiphysis

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16
Q

also called Haversian system, cylinder-shaped unit. Gives compact bone its unique shape

A

Osteon

17
Q

extends through center of osteon. Also called Haversian canal, houses artery, veins and nerve

A

Central canal

18
Q

open space between lamellae. each houses one osteocytes

A

Lacuna

19
Q

mature bone cell. does not reproduce new matrix

A

Osteocytes

20
Q

connects lacunae to each other. allows nutrients to reach osteocytes

A

Canaliculus

21
Q

also called Volkmann’s canal. connect central canal of adjacent osteons

A

Perforating canal

22
Q

bone cell producing new matrix. convert to osteocytes when become surrounded by matrix

A

Osteoblast

23
Q

giant bone cell

dissolves and remove matrix

A

Osteoclast

24
Q

matrix arrangement in spongy bone. Lattice-like network. forms open spaces that house red bone marrow

A

Trabeculae