classification of bone

Question 1

Longer than wide. range from very large femur to small phalangeal bones

Answer 1

long bone

Question 2

complex shape with notches and processes.

examples are vertebrae

Answer 2

irregular bone

Question 3

similar length and width and roughly cube-shaped.

examples are carpals and tarsals

Answer 3

short bone

Question 4

Develop inside tendons, small and flat bones

Answer 4

sesamoid bone

Question 5

protect underlying structures. Large surface area for tendon and ligament attachments.
Thin like a plat*
examples are cranila bones, ribs and scapula

Answer 5

flat bone

Question 6

composed of hyaline cartilage

covers portion of each epiphysis involved in joint

Answer 6

Articular cartilage

Question 7

narrow zone between each epiphysis and the diaphysis. Also called metaphysis or epiphyseal plate when cartilage is present

Answer 7

Spongy bone

Question 8

contains yellow bone marrow. lined with spongy bone

Answer 8

Medullary cavity

Question 9

connective tissue membrane. lines medullary cavity

Answer 9

Endosteum

Question 10

Found in medullary cavity. Gets its yellow color from an abundance of flat cells

Answer 10

Yellow bone marrow

Question 11

cavities of spongy bone house red bone marrow

sites of Hematopoiesis*

Answer 11

Epiphyseal disks

Question 12

thin connective tissue covering surface of long bone

Answer 12

Periosteum

Question 13

axial end of the long bone. composed primarily of spongy bone with thin covering of compact bone

Answer 13

Proximal epiphysis

Question 14

tube-shape shaft of long bone*

composed of both compact bone and spongy bone

Answer 14

Diaphysis

Question 15

distal end of the long bone same composition as proximal epiphysis.

Answer 15

Distal epiphysis

Question 16

also called Haversian system, cylinder-shaped unit. Gives compact bone its unique shape

Answer 16

Osteon

Question 17

extends through center of osteon. Also called Haversian canal, houses artery, veins and nerve

Answer 17

Central canal

Question 18

open space between lamellae. each houses one osteocytes

Answer 18

Lacuna

Question 19

mature bone cell. does not reproduce new matrix

Answer 19

Osteocytes

Question 20

connects lacunae to each other. allows nutrients to reach osteocytes

Answer 20

Canaliculus

Question 21

also called Volkmann’s canal. connect central canal of adjacent osteons

Answer 21

Perforating canal

Question 22

bone cell producing new matrix. convert to osteocytes when become surrounded by matrix

Answer 22

Osteoblast

Question 23

giant bone cell

dissolves and remove matrix

Answer 23

Osteoclast

Question 24

matrix arrangement in spongy bone. Lattice-like network. forms open spaces that house red bone marrow

Answer 24

Trabeculae