Classification Of Bacteria

Question 1

Define classification:

Answer 1

It is the categorization of organisms into taxonomic groups.
Biochemical, physiologic, genetic, and morphologic properties are often necessary for an adequate description of a taxon.

Question 2

Define nomenclature:

Answer 2

It refers to the naming of an organism by international rules ( established by a recognized group of medical professionals) according to its characteristics.

Question 3

Criteria for classification of bacteria:

Answer 3

Growth on media, bacterial Microscopy biochemical tests immunologic tests—-serotype, serogroups and serovars.

Question 4

Define phylogentic classifications:

Answer 4

They are measures b/w two organisms and imply that they share a common ancestor.

Question 5

They have essential role in protein synthesis for all organisms:

Answer 5

Ribosomes

Question 6

Phenotypic techniques depend on various observable properties of bacteria, which inculde:

Answer 6

Biotyping, serotyping, bacteriocin typing and phage typing.

Question 7

Biotyping:

Answer 7

It relies on a set of biochemical reactions to distinguish different strains within a given species
E.g : antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Question 8

Serotyping:

Answer 8

Different strains of organisms of the same species can be differentiated based on the difference in the expression of antigenic determinant on the cell surface.

Question 9

Bacteriocin typing:

Answer 9

This is used in case of bacterial species for which a number of lytic bacteriophages have been identified.

Question 10

Phage typing:

Answer 10

This has been the mainstay of strain discrimination and is widely used in epidemiological studies.

Question 11

Genotypic techniques depend on:

Answer 11

Differences related to the genome of bacteria.

Question 12

Genotyping techniques employed to:

Answer 12

To differentiatestrains of bacteria include
Plasmid profile analysis
And restriction endonuclease analysis of chromosomal DNA.

Question 13

There are two different groups of prokaryotic organisms:

Answer 13

Eubacteria and archaebacteria

Question 14

The eubacteria include:

Answer 14

Gram- Eubacteria
Gram+ Eubacteria
Eubacteria lacking cell walls

Question 15

Two kinds of names are usually given to bacteria:

Answer 15

Common name and scientific name

Question 16

The common or casual name for:

Answer 16

A microorganism varies from country to country and is usually known in the local language.

Question 17

The scientific name:

Answer 17

Is the international name that is accepted throughout the world. By accepted taxonomic.

Question 18

The order, family, and tribe also the genus name begin with:

Answer 18

Capital letters

Question 19

Species name (e.g coli) begins with:

Answer 19

Running letter and not capital

Question 20

Both the genus (e.g Escherichia) and species names are either:

Answer 20

italicized or underlined when written in the text

Question 21

When bacteria are referred to as a group, their names are :

Answer 21

Neither capitalized nor italicized or umderlined (e.g streptococci).

Question 22

The scientific name of the bacterium when written for the first time:

Answer 22

Is written in full (e.g Escherichia coli), but later mentioned in an abbreviated form (e.g Escherichia coli).

Question 23

Define taxonomy

Answer 23

The science of classification

It is the study of classification

Question 24

Define strain

Answer 24

A group of cells all derived from one cell

Question 25

Why the rRNA is used for classification?

Answer 25

Bacause it highly conserved and slowly diverged