Classification, Cells, Body Systems Revision

Question 1

What is ‘unicellular’?

Answer 1

An organism that is made of only one cell.

Question 2

What is ‘multicellular’?

Answer 2

An organism that is made of multiple cells.

Question 3

Why do biologists classify living things?

Answer 3

To make them easier to identify, remember and describe.

Question 4

What are ‘vertebrates’?

Answer 4

Animals that have a backbone

Question 5

What are ‘invertebrates’?

Answer 5

Animals that has no backbone

Question 6

What is the difference between a ‘protoctistan’ and a ‘prokaryotic’ cell?

Answer 6

Protoctistan cells are more complex in the cellular details.

Question 7

What are two characteristics of ‘algae’?

Answer 7

~ Lives in water

~ Mostly unicellular

Question 8

What are two characteristics of ‘fungi’?

Answer 8

~ Usually multicellular, but some are unicellular

~ Produce enzymes that break down food outside their cells

Question 9

What are two characteristics of ‘lichen’?

Answer 9

~ Found on rock, trees, cold regions and mountains
~ Made up of alga and fungus
-Algal cells photosynthesise and supply the fungus with food
-Fungus provides protection for the algal cells

Question 10

What are ‘viruses’ ‘viroids’ and ‘prions’?

Answer 10

Tiny non-living things that are not made of cells, but show some features of living things when they infect the cells of living organisms.

Question 11

Why are stains used in the preparation of microscope slides?

Answer 11

To identify the cell structure more clearly

Question 12

What are some example of how structural features can be used to classify living organisms?

Answer 12

Symmetry, Skeletons- endo/exo, Unicellular or multicellular, etc.

Question 13

What is common in the three types of fungi?

Answer 13

There are no true roots, stems, leaves or flowers

Question 14

What are ‘tissues’?

Answer 14

Groups of similar cells that perform a specialised job.

Question 15

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 15

A cell that is complex and contains a nucleus.

Question 16

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 16

A simple cell that does not contain a nucleus.

Question 17

What are ‘organs’?

Answer 17

Different kinds of tissues that perform main functions or jobs. (E.g. Brain, stomach, lungs, heart, skin, kidneys)

Question 18

What does the circulatory system do?

Answer 18

Carries oxygen and food around the body.

Question 19

What are ‘arteries’?

Answer 19

A blood vessel which transports blood from the heart.

Question 20

What are ‘capillaries’?

Answer 20

Blood vessels that exchange materials with cells.

Question 21

What are ‘veins’?

Answer 21

A blood vessel that transports blood back to the heart.

Question 22

What is the ‘heart’?

Answer 22

A muscle that pumps blood to the rest of the body.

Question 23

What type of blood is blue?

Answer 23

Deoxygenated blood - goes back to the heart

Question 24

What type of blood is red?

Answer 24

Oxygenated blood - goes from the heart to the body.

Question 25

What does the respiratory system do?

Answer 25

Takes in oxygen (O2) and get rid of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Question 26

What does the digestive system do?

Answer 26

Digests and absorbs food

Question 27

What is ‘mechanical digestion’?

Answer 27

Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces, e.g. teeth.

Question 28

What is ‘chemical digestion’?

Answer 28

Using chemicals (enzymes) to break down food into small molecules, e.g. salivary glands.

Question 29

What is ‘denatured’?

Answer 29

To change shape

Question 30

What is the process of the digestive system?

Answer 30

Food goes through the mouth, down the oesophagus. It then runs into the stomach which is a temporary food storage which also breaks down the food. The small intestine absorbs the nutrients and passes it through the large intestine where the remaining sugars are absorbed. It then comes out as waste.