Classification And Phylogeny Of Animals

Question 1

Produce a formal system for naming and classifying species to illustrate their evolution relationships

Answer 1

Taxonomy

Question 2

The taxonomist asks whether the species being classified contains the defining feature of a certain taxonomic groupings

Answer 2

Classification

Question 3

The taxonomist ask whether the characteristics of a species support the hypothesis that it descends from the most recent common ancestor of the taxonimic

Answer 3

Systematization

Question 4

Design the hierarchical classification system still use today

Answer 4

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 5

Major group of organisms

Answer 5

Taxa (singular taxon)

Question 6

Is the system Linnaeus developed for naming species

Answer 6

Binomial nomenclature

Question 7

The evolutionary history of a species or group of related

Answer 7

Phylogeny

Question 8

Shared characters that results from common ancestry

Answer 8

Homologous

Question 9

Are shared characters that are not a results of common ancestry

Answer 9

Homoplasies

Question 10

Occurs when natural selection working under similar environment pressures, produce similar adaptation in organism from different evolutionary lineage

Answer 10

Convergent evolution

Question 11

A homologous structure that is older that the branching of a particular clade from other members of that clade

Answer 11

Shared primitive character

Question 12

Is a new evolutionary feature unique to a particular group

Answer 12

Shared derived character

Question 13

Form of the character that was present in the common ancestor of the group

Answer 13

Ancestral character

Question 14

Variation of the character that arose later

Answer 14

Derived character states

Question 15

Is determined by using outgroup comparison

Answer 15

Polarity

Question 16

Closely related but not part the group being examined (the ingroup)

Answer 16

Outgroup

Question 17

One that is found both the study group and the outgroup

Answer 17

Ancestral character

Question 18

Are those found in the study group but not the larger group

Answer 18

Derived character

Question 19

Are groups that shared derived characters and from a subsets within larger group
Is a unit of common evolutionary decent

Answer 19

Clades

Question 20

A derived character that is shared by all member of the clades

Answer 20

Synapomorphy

Question 21

Ancestral character states for a taxon

Answer 21

Plesiomorphic

Question 22

Are shared ancestral character
Do not provide useful information for forming a nested series of clades

Answer 22

Symplesiomorphies

Question 23

A valid clade is ______, it consist of the ancestor species and all its descendants

Answer 23

Monophyletic

Question 24

Consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all, of the descendants

Includes many species that lack a common ancestor

Answer 24

Paraphyletic

Question 25

Also called phylogenetic systematics, is a taxonomic theory that is base on cladograms

Answer 25

Cladistics

Question 26

Us a based on common descent and the amount of evolutionary change to rank higher taxa

Answer 26

Evolutionary taxonomy

Question 27

Is a pair of taxa that are most closely related to each other

Answer 27

Sister groups

Question 28

Hierarchical classification of dog
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Answer 28

Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: chordata
Class: mamalia
Order: carnivora
Family: canidae
Genus: canis
Species: canis lupus

Question 29

Hierarchical classification of cat
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Answer 29

Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: chordata
Class: mamalia
Order: carnivora
Family: felidae
Genus: felis
Species: felis catus