Classification, adaptation, and inheritance

Question 1

What are the 7 essential processes of life that living organisms carry out?

Answer 1

(MRSGREN) Movement, repiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition

Question 2

What are the 5 kingdoms living organisms are classified into?

Answer 2

animal kingdom, plant kingom, fungi kingdom, prokaryote kingdom, protist kingdom

Question 3

What are the features of the animal kingdom?

Answer 3

multicellular, with animal cells, eat for nutrition, lots of movement, and has a nervous system

Question 4

What are the features of the plant kingdom?

Answer 4

multicellular, cells with chloroplasts, cell walls, and vacuole, carry out photosynthesis to produce its own food

Question 5

What are the features of the fungi kingdom?

Answer 5

multicellular or unicellular, feed off dead and decaying material for nutrition, cells have cell walls

Question 6

What are the featurs of the prokaryote kingdom?

Answer 6

unicellular, bacteria, no nucleus

Question 7

What are the features of the protist kingdom

Answer 7

unicellular, have nucleus, some cells are plant-like, some are animal-like.

Question 8

How are each kingdom split into further groups?

Answer 8

The kingdoms are split into vertebrates and invertebrates.

Question 9

What are vertebrates?

Answer 9

Animals with backbone

Question 10

What are invertebrates?

Answer 10

Animals with no backbone

Question 11

How can we classify vertebrates?

Answer 11

classify them into mammals, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds

Question 12

How are modern mammals classified?

Answer 12

by their fur, being warm-blooded, giving birth to live young and feeding from mother’s milk

Question 13

How are modern fish classified?

Answer 13

by wet scales, being cold-blooded, breathing through gills, laying eggs and living in water

Question 14

How are modern amphibians classifed?

Answer 14

by moist skin, being cold-blooded, laying eggs and living in or around water

Question 15

How are modern reptiles classified?

Answer 15

by dry scaly skin, being cold-blooded, breathing with lungs, laying eggs and living on land or water

Question 16

How are modern birds classified?

Answer 16

by feathers, beaks, being warm-blooded, laying eggs, and have two legs

Question 17

What is the Linnaeus’s system of classification?

Answer 17

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 18

What do animals compete for?

Answer 18

food, territory, mates

Question 19

What do plants compete for?

Answer 19

light, water, nutrients, space

Question 20

What will happen to the organisms that outcompetes its neighbour?

Answer 20

will increase its chance of survival, more likely to reproduce

Question 21

Who do humans compete with? And what do humans compete for?

Answer 21

with animals for food resources, space and water. With plants for space and water.

Question 22

State the 8 facts of red squirrels:

Answer 22

weight is 240-435g. Head and body length is 18-24 cm long. Tail is 14-19.5 cm long. Native to Great Britain. Population estimated at 200000-211000. Live in deciduous and coniferous forests. Life expectancy up to 7 years in the wild. Nearly always fatal to squirrel poxvirus, they have no immunity to it, once infected they often suffer a slow and painful death.

Question 23

State the 9 facts of grey squirrels.

Answer 23

Weight is 400-720g. Head and body length is 24- 28.5 cm long. Tail is 19.5-24cm long. Native to North America. Population estimated at 2.77million. Wide range of habitats. Life expectancy up to nine years in the wild. Can carry squirrel poxvirus with no effects. The grey squirrel was introduced into the UK from North America by the VIctorians about 130 years ago.

Question 24

What happened to the population of the red squirrels?

Answer 24

The red quirrels have suffered serious decline, habitt loss and squirrel poxvirus has contributed to the red squirrels’ decline.

Question 25

What is adaptations?

Answer 25

features that organisms have that allow them to survuve in the environment in which they normally live. They help the oragansims out-compete its competitors, enabling it to obtain food, water, space, and to reproduce

Question 26

Animal adaptation invovlves:

Answer 26

Attracting a mate, eating a certain food, keeping warm or cool, escaping from predators, and camouflage which is important to both predators and prey to hide. Herbivores have specially adapted teeth that are better at grinding up plant cells. Carnivores have sharper teeth to slice meat

Question 27

How do animals cope in cold climates?

Answer 27

Thick wide bodies and limbs, and lots of fur and fat to reduce heat loss.

Question 28

How do animals cope in hot climates?

Answer 28

Thin limbs, long bodies to help lose heat.