Classification, adaptation, and inheritance Flashcards
What are the 7 essential processes of life that living organisms carry out?
(MRSGREN) Movement, repiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition
What are the 5 kingdoms living organisms are classified into?
animal kingdom, plant kingom, fungi kingdom, prokaryote kingdom, protist kingdom
What are the features of the animal kingdom?
multicellular, with animal cells, eat for nutrition, lots of movement, and has a nervous system
What are the features of the plant kingdom?
multicellular, cells with chloroplasts, cell walls, and vacuole, carry out photosynthesis to produce its own food
What are the features of the fungi kingdom?
multicellular or unicellular, feed off dead and decaying material for nutrition, cells have cell walls
What are the featurs of the prokaryote kingdom?
unicellular, bacteria, no nucleus
What are the features of the protist kingdom
unicellular, have nucleus, some cells are plant-like, some are animal-like.
How are each kingdom split into further groups?
The kingdoms are split into vertebrates and invertebrates.
What are vertebrates?
Animals with backbone
What are invertebrates?
Animals with no backbone
How can we classify vertebrates?
classify them into mammals, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds
How are modern mammals classified?
by their fur, being warm-blooded, giving birth to live young and feeding from mother’s milk
How are modern fish classified?
by wet scales, being cold-blooded, breathing through gills, laying eggs and living in water
How are modern amphibians classifed?
by moist skin, being cold-blooded, laying eggs and living in or around water
How are modern reptiles classified?
by dry scaly skin, being cold-blooded, breathing with lungs, laying eggs and living on land or water
How are modern birds classified?
by feathers, beaks, being warm-blooded, laying eggs, and have two legs
What is the Linnaeus’s system of classification?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What do animals compete for?
food, territory, mates
What do plants compete for?
light, water, nutrients, space
What will happen to the organisms that outcompetes its neighbour?
will increase its chance of survival, more likely to reproduce
Who do humans compete with? And what do humans compete for?
with animals for food resources, space and water. With plants for space and water.
State the 8 facts of red squirrels:
weight is 240-435g. Head and body length is 18-24 cm long. Tail is 14-19.5 cm long. Native to Great Britain. Population estimated at 200000-211000. Live in deciduous and coniferous forests. Life expectancy up to 7 years in the wild. Nearly always fatal to squirrel poxvirus, they have no immunity to it, once infected they often suffer a slow and painful death.
State the 9 facts of grey squirrels.
Weight is 400-720g. Head and body length is 24- 28.5 cm long. Tail is 19.5-24cm long. Native to North America. Population estimated at 2.77million. Wide range of habitats. Life expectancy up to nine years in the wild. Can carry squirrel poxvirus with no effects. The grey squirrel was introduced into the UK from North America by the VIctorians about 130 years ago.
What happened to the population of the red squirrels?
The red quirrels have suffered serious decline, habitt loss and squirrel poxvirus has contributed to the red squirrels’ decline.
What is adaptations?
features that organisms have that allow them to survuve in the environment in which they normally live. They help the oragansims out-compete its competitors, enabling it to obtain food, water, space, and to reproduce
Animal adaptation invovlves:
Attracting a mate, eating a certain food, keeping warm or cool, escaping from predators, and camouflage which is important to both predators and prey to hide. Herbivores have specially adapted teeth that are better at grinding up plant cells. Carnivores have sharper teeth to slice meat
How do animals cope in cold climates?
Thick wide bodies and limbs, and lots of fur and fat to reduce heat loss.
How do animals cope in hot climates?
Thin limbs, long bodies to help lose heat.
