classification Flashcards
Define classification
name given to process by which organisms are sorted into groups
What are hierarchical classification often referred as ?
Linnaean classification
Why do scientists classify organisms ?
1) identify species
2) predict characteristics 3) find evolutionary links
State the three domains
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
BAE
Define species
Group of organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring
What is the naming system used for organisms ?
binomial nomenclature
How are species named ?
Genus species
Name the 5 kingdoms
Triple P
Fungi
Animalia
Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular ?
unicellular
Which kingdoms are multicellular?
Fungi
plants
animals
Which kingdoms are unicellular ?
fungi
prokaryotes
protoctista
Which is the only kingdom that doesn’t have membrane bound organelles/nucleus ?
prokaryotes
How do prokaryotes get their nutrients ?
absorbed through cell wall
How do protoctista get their nutrients ?
photosynthesis
ingestion of other organisms
autotrophic
heterotrophic
How do fungi get their nutrients ?
saprophytic
absorption of decaying material
Which kingdoms have some chloroplasts ?
Protoctista
Which kingdoms store food as gylcogen ?
fungi , animals
How do protoctista move ?
some immobile
or move by cilia , flagella
How was the three domain system developed ?
differences in the sequence of nucleotides in cells ribosomal RNA
cells lipid structure
How size ribosomes does Eukarya have ?
80s ribosomes
What size ribosomes do Archaea / bacteria have ?
70s
In Woese’s system what is prokaryotes divided into ?
Eubacteria
Archeabacteria
How many kingdoms are in woeses system ?
6
What is archaebacteria ?
ancient bacteria
extreme environments
What is eubacteria ?
true bacteria
all environments
What is phylogeny ?
evolutionary links between organisms
What can phylogeny be done without ?
Linnaean classification
Why is it beneficial phylogeny is a continuous tree rather than discrete taxonomical groups ?
not forced to put organisms unto specific groups they don’t belong to
Why is Linnaean classification misleading ?
implies different groups with same rank are equivalent
What is evolution ?
theory of how organisms change over time as a result of natural selection
What are fossils ?
animals and plant remains are preserved in rocks
