Classification

Question 1

Why is there a classification system?

Answer 1

• for convenience
• make study of animals more manageable
• see relationships easier between organisms
• easier to identify organisms

Question 2

Define classification and what are these categories called

Answer 2

the process of placing living things into groups

taxonomic groups

Question 3

List the classification hierarchy

Answer 3

Domain - Archaea, Eubacteria and Eukaryote
Kingdom - Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protoctista, Prokayotae
Phylum - same body plan
Class - same general traits
Order - extra information
Family - group of closely related genera
Genus - group of closely related species
Species - basic unit

Question 4

What is the binomal naming system?

Answer 4

It means naming organisms by Genus species e.g Homo sapiens. Before this system it didn’t work due to
- different common names within countries and in different countries
- translation may give different name
- some common name used for different species in another part of world
It meant that whenever a species is named it has a universal name

Question 5

Define species

Answer 5

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
(doesn’t work for asexual things)
Phylogentic def:
a group of individual organisms that are very similar in appearence, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics

Question 6

What are the features of prokaryotae?

Answer 6

• no nucleus
• loop of DNA not arranged in linear chromosomes
• naked DNA (no histone)
• no membrane bound organelles
• smaller ribosomes
• smaller
• free living or parasitic

Question 7

What are the features of protoctista?

Answer 7

• eukaryotic
• mostly single celled
• show plant and animal like features
• mostly free living
• autotrophic or heterotrophic some photosynthesise, some ingest prey, some feed using extracellular enzymes, parasites

Question 8

What are the features of fungi?

Answer 8

• eukaryotic
• exist as single celles (yeasts) or mycelium that consists of hyphae
• walls of chitin
• multinucleate cytoplasm
• mostly free living and saprophytic (cause decay of organic matter)

Question 9

What are the features of plantae?

Answer 9

• eukaryotic
• multicelluar
• cellulose cell wall
• autotrophic(absorb simple molecules to build larger ones)

Question 10

What are the features of animalia?

Answer 10

• eukaryotic
• multicellular
• heterotrophic (digest large molecules to form smaller ones)
• can move around