Classification

Question 1

classification

Answer 1

process by which scientists group living organisms. Organisms are classified based on how similar they are.

Question 2

taxonomy

Answer 2

science of naming, describing and classifying organisms and includes all plants, animals and microorganisms of the world.

Question 3

binomial nomenclature

Answer 3

the system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet.

Question 4

taxon

Answer 4

a taxonomic group of any rank, such as a species, family, or class.

Question 5

genus

Answer 5

A taxonomic category ranking used in biological classification that is below a family and above a species level, and includes group(s) of species that are structurally similar or phylogenetically related.

Question 6

family

Answer 6

ne of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks above the rank of genus.

Question 7

order

Answer 7

order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes.

Question 8

class

Answer 8

class is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order.

Question 9

Phylum

Answer 9

a level of classification or taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class.

Question 10

Division

Answer 10

is a taxonomic rank in biological classification that is used differently in zoology and in botany. In botany and mycology, division refers to a rank equivalent to phylum.

Question 11

Kingdom

Answer 11

a taxonomic category of the highest rank, grouping together all forms of life having certain fundamental characteristics in common: in the five-kingdom classification scheme adopted by many biologists, separate kingdoms are assigned to animals (Animalia), plants (Plantae), fungi (Fungi), protozoa and eucaryotic algae

Question 12

Domain

Answer 12

a domain, also superkingdom or empire, is the highest taxonomic rank of organisms in the three-domain system of taxonomy designed by Carl Woese, an American microbiologist and biophysicist

Question 13

Phylogeny

Answer 13

The evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms. phylogenesis. The evolutionary development of an organ or other part of an organism.

Question 14

Characters

Answer 14

any observable feature, or trait, of an organism, whether acquired or inherited. An acquired character is a response to the environment; an inherited character is produced by genes transmitted from parent to offspring (their expressions are often modified by environmental conditions).

Question 15

Molecular clock

Answer 15

figurative term for a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged.

Question 16

Cladistics

Answer 16

a method of classification of animals and plants according to the proportion of measurable characteristics that they have in common. It is assumed that the higher the proportion of characteristics that two organisms share, the more recently they diverged from a common ancestor.

Question 17

Cladogram

Answer 17

a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species.

Question 18

Archaea

Answer 18

Any of the unicellular microorganisms that is genetically distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions.

Question 19

Protists

Answer 19

eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus.

Question 20

Fungus

Answer 20

any of a large division (Eumycota) of thallophytes, including molds, mildews, mushrooms, rusts, and smuts, that are parasites on living organisms or that feed upon dead organic material: fungi lack chlorophyll, true roots, stems, and leaves, and reproduce by means of spores: in some systems of biological classification …