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Boredom 1: Org Chem > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

2 classification of organic compounds

A
  1. Hydrocarbon
  2. Hydrocarbon derivatives
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2
Q

type of organic compound which is based to heteroatoms present

A

Hydrocarbon derivatives

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3
Q

type of organic compound which composed of carbon and hydrogen only

A

Hydrocarbon

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4
Q

3 types of hydrocarbon

A
  • aliphatic
  • alicyclic
  • aromatic
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5
Q

compounds whose carbon atoms are arranged in chains whether straight or branched

A

Aliphatic

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6
Q

contain single bonds

A

Alkanes (C_nH_2n+2)

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7
Q

contain double bonds

A

AIkenes (C_nH_2n)

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8
Q

contain triple bonds

A

AIkynes (C_nH_2n-2)

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9
Q

contain two double bonds

A

Alkadienes (C_nH_2n-2)

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10
Q

compounds containing carbon atoms in a ring system

A

Alicyclic

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11
Q

alkanes arranged in the form of a closed chain

A

Cycloalkanes (C_nH_2n)

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12
Q

non-conjugated alkenes in a ring system

A

Cycloalkenes (C_nH_2n-2)

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13
Q

compounds containing carbon atoms with conjugated double bonds in a ring system

A

Aromatic

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14
Q

4 types of hydrocarbon derivatives organic compound

A
  • derivatives containing oxygen
  • derivatives containing halogen
  • derivatives containing sulfur
  • derivatives containing nitrogen
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15
Q

7 types of hydrocarbon derivatives

A
  • alcohol and phenols
  • acid anhydride
  • aldehydes and ketones
  • epoxide
  • esters
  • ethers
  • carboxylic acids
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16
Q

hydrocarbons with one or more hydrogen atom replaced by -OH group

A

Alcohols (R-OH) and Phenols (Ar-OH)

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17
Q

attached to oxygen
hydrocarbon derivatives with two hydrocarbon groups

A

ethers (ROR)

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18
Q

cyclic ethers in which the oxygen is included in a three-membered
ring

A

epoxide

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19
Q

hydrocarbons with one or two
alkyl groups attached to C=O

A

Aldehydes (RCHO) and Ketones (RCOR)

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20
Q

an alkane missing one hydrogen

A

alkyl

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21
Q

hydrocarbons with the carboxyl group, COOH

A

Carboxylic Acids (RCOOH)

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22
Q

organic, functional group consisting of a carbon atom that’s double-bonded to an oxygen atom and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group.

A

carboxyl (COOH)

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23
Q

carboxylic acid derivatives with the hydrogen atom
replaced by an alkyl group

A

Esters (RCOOR)

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24
Q

carboxylic acid derivatives with the hydrogen atom
replaced by RC=0

A

Acid Anhydride

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25
Q

hydrocarbons with the hydrogen atom
replaced by one or more halogens

A

Alkyl Halides and Aryl Halides

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26
Q

2 Derivatives containing Sulfur

A

thiols and disulfides

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27
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives with hydrogen atom replaced with -SH

A

thiols

28
Q

hydrocarbon derivatives with general formula R-S-S-R

A

disulfides

29
Q

2 Derivatives containing nitrogen

A

amides and amine

30
Q

carboxylic acid derivatives with hydrogen atom replaced with -
NH_2, -NHR’, -NR’R”

A

amides

31
Q

organic derivative of NH_3

A

amine

32
Q

also called paraffins

A

alkanes

33
Q

contains sp^3 hybridized carbon

A

alkanes

34
Q

source of alkanes

A

fractional distillation of petroleum

35
Q

physical state of C_1 to C_4 at room temperature

A

gases

36
Q

physical state of C_5 to C_17 at room temperature

A

liquids

37
Q

physical state of C_18 to C_n at room temperature

A

solids

38
Q

alkanes are insoluble in ________ due to non-polar character and inability to form _________ bond

A

water, hydrogen

39
Q

alkanes are soluble in (3)

A

benzene, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride

40
Q

boiling point of alkanes increase as the length of carbon ______________ and ___________ due to branching

A

increases, decreases

41
Q

In naming, choose the _________ and the parent name is named
according to the number of carbon present.

A

longest continuous carbon chain (CH_3)

42
Q

In naming, Number the chain in such a way that the substituents present are assigned with the
____________

A

lowest number

43
Q

In naming, for identical substituents present more than once, the carbon numbers for which
the substituents are attached and the prefixes di, tri, tetra, etc. are written before
the ____________

A

name of the substituents.

44
Q

In naming for _____________, the number is used twice and the prefix di is
attached before the name of the substituent

A

two identical substituents (3,3 dimethylpentane)

45
Q

In naming, for __________ different alkyl substituents, names are written in alphabetical
order giving no consideration on the prefixes.

A

two or more

46
Q

In alkyl substituent, 1 CH3 is

A

methyl

47
Q

In alkyl substituent, 2 CH3 is

A

ethyl

48
Q

In alkyl substituent, 4 CH3 is

A

butyl

49
Q

In alkyl substituent, 3 CH3 is

A

propyl

50
Q

In alkyl substituent, 5 CH3 is

A

pentyl

51
Q

preparation of alkanes

A
  1. Grignard Synthesis using Alkyl Halide
  2. Hydrogenation of Alkene
  3. Reduction of Alkyl Halide
  4. Wurtz Synthesis (coupling reaction)
52
Q

reactions of alkanes

A
  1. halogenations
  2. combustion
53
Q

also called olefins

A

alkenes

54
Q

contains sp^2 hybridized carbon

A

alkenes

55
Q

In dehydrogenation of alkyl halides, the alkene formed is the one that is more alkyl substituted

A

saitsev’s rule

56
Q

preparation of alkenes

A
  1. dehydration of alcohol
  2. dehydrogenation of alkyl halides
  3. debromination of dibromides
57
Q

reaction of alkenes

A
  1. hydrogenation
  2. halogenation
  3. addition of HX
  4. hydroxylation
  5. ozonolysis
  6. oxidation
  7. acid-catalyzed hydration
  8. oxymercuration-demercuration
  9. hydroboration-oxidation
  10. halohydrin formation
58
Q

In the addition of HX in alkenes reaction, the halogen attaches to the carbon that is more alkyl substituted thus producing a higher order alkyl halide

A

markovnikoff’s rule

59
Q

anti-markovnikoff’s addition of _____ in the presence of organic peroxides

A

HBr

60
Q

in halohydrin formation, the _______ attached to carbon with more alkyl substituent

A

water

61
Q

also called as acetylenes

A

alkynes

62
Q

contains sp hybridized carbon

A

alkynes

63
Q

preparation of alkynes

A
  1. reaction of sodium acetylide with alkyl halides
  2. dehydrohalogenation of vicinal dihalides
  3. dehalogenation of tetrahalides
64
Q

reaction of alkynes

A
  1. hydrogenation
  2. halogenation
  3. addition of HX
  4. hydration
  5. oxidation
65
Q

Alcohols are named as

A

alkanol

66
Q

contain the functional group -OR

A

ethers

67
Q

in naming ethers,

A

alphabetic order + ether

Boredom 1: Org Chem (4 decks)

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