Classification Flashcards
What system of classification was first proposed by Carl Linnaeus in the 1700s?
Carl Linnaeus proposed the system of classification that groups living things according to their characteristics and structures.
What are the main levels of classification in Linnaeus’s system?
The main levels of classification in Linnaeus’s system are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Pneumonic to remember this:
Kinky
Penises
Curl
Over
Fanny
Generating
Sperm
Who proposed the three-domain system of classification, and when was it introduced?
-Carl Woese proposed the three-domain system of classification, introduced in 1990.
-The three domains in the three-domain system are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota.
What organism are in the Archaea?
Organisms in this domain are primitive bacteria. They’re often found in extreme places such as hot springs and salt lakes.
What organisms are in the bacteria domain?
This domain contains true bacteria like E. coli and Staphylococcus. Although they often look similar to Archaea, there are lots of biochemical differences between them.
What organisms are in the Eukaryota domain?
Organisms that have nucleus encloses membranes includes the kingdom, protists, fungi ,plants and animals
What is the binomial system, and how does it work?
The binomial system assigns each organism a two-part Latin name, with the first part indicating the genus and the second part indicating the species. For example, humans are known as Homo sapiens, where “Homo” is the genus and “sapiens” is the species.
Why is the binomial system used worldwide?
The binomial system is used worldwide to ensure that scientists across different countries or languages refer to the same species by the same name, avoiding confusion
What do evolutionary trees show, and how do they depict relationships between species?
Evolutionary trees illustrate common ancestors and relationships between species. The closer the common ancestor, the more closely related the species and the more characteristics they are likely to share.
How do scientists analyse data to determine evolutionary relationships between living organisms?
They analyse DNA, structural similarities, and other current classification
How do scientists determine evolutionary relationships for extinct species?
scientists use evidence from the fossil record to determine evolutionary relationships, comparing anatomical features and other characteristics to infer common ancestry.
