Classification

Question 1

What are the three major goals of systematic classification ?

Answer 1

-Identify all species
-Evaluate the evolutionary relationships among species
-group the species in hierarchy of taxonomic groups that convey evolutionary relationships

Question 2

What are the three criteria for a organism to be placed into particular kingdom ?

Answer 2

-molecular systematics classification
- cell structure classification
- classification based on reproduction

Question 3

Name the 3 domains and 5 kingdoms of living organisms give an example of each

Answer 3

domains
-Domain Archaea(thermophiles & halophiles)
-Domain bacteria(prokaryotes- eg cyanobacteria)
Domain Eukarya(multicellular and unicellular) contains 5 Kingdoms
Protazoa, chromista, plantae, fungi and Animalia

Question 4

What is a prokaryote cell ?

Answer 4

Organisms that do not have a true nucleus and do not have cell organelles
Archaea- no interior membrane
Bacteria- have interior membrane

Question 5

What is a eukaryotes ?

Answer 5

Organisms that have a true nucleus with a nuclear membrane, a nucleus and cell organelles
(Protista,chromista,fungi, plantae, Animalia)

Question 6

The 5 kingdoms and examples of each

Answer 6

Protozoa(Protista)- green algae
chromista- kelp/ water moulds
fungi-bread moulds
plantae- anginoperms and ginosperms
animalia- sponges/arthropods/ chordates

PCFPA

Question 7

explain why the names of organisms have changed over time ?

Answer 7

Due to disagreements and controversy surrounding the classification of life forms and how they relate to one another. Due to advancements in research abilities and DNA analysis this has led to a diversity in recent revisions and is likely to keep doing so as more detailed research is carried out

Question 8

What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?

Answer 8

asexual reproduction- does not involve the fusion of gametes or a change in the number of chromosomes
Parthenogenesis- type if sexual reproduction in which female gamete or cell develops into an individual without fertilisation
sexual reproduction- involves a complex life cycle in which gamete(sperm and a egg cell) with a single set of chromosomes(haploid) combines with another to produce an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (diploids)

Question 9

How does each kingdom reproduce?

Answer 9

Archaea- simple cell division
bacteria- simple cell devision
protozoa-mostly asexual
Chromista- mostly asexual
Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually via spores
plantae- reproduce asexually via spores and sexually via male and female gametes
Animalia- in some groups asexual and others sexual via male and female gametes