Classification Flashcards

1
Q

what is classification?

A

the name given to the process by which living organisms are sorted into groups. The organisms within each group share similar features.

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2
Q

what are the taxonomic groups?

A
  • kingdom
  • phylum
  • class
  • order
  • family
  • genus
  • species
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3
Q

who proposed the linnean classification system?

A

Carl Linnaeus

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4
Q

why do scientists classify organisms?

A
  1. To identify species.
  2. To predict characteristics
  3. To find evolutionary links.
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5
Q

what is the advantage of using a single classification system?

A

scientists worldwide can share their research;

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6
Q

what are the three domains?

A
  • Archae
  • Bacteria
  • Eukarya
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7
Q

what happens when you move down each level?

A

there are more groups but fewer organisms in each group. the organisms in each group become more similar and share more of the same characteristics.

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8
Q

what is a species?

A

a group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring.

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9
Q

what happens if a horse is bred with a donkey?

A

an infertile mule is produced.

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10
Q

why are mules and hinnies infertile?

A

their cells contain an odd number of chromosomes (63.) Mieosis and gamete production cannot take place correctly as all chromosomes must pair up.

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11
Q

what species are humans?

A

Homo sapiens

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12
Q

how were organisms classified before classification systems?

A

according to certain physical characteristics, behaviour, or habitat. These are called common names.

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13
Q

why was classifying organisms by physical attributes bad?

A
  • it was not good for scientists working internationally as organisms may have more than one common name, and different names in different languages.
  • common names do not provide information about relationships between organisms.
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14
Q

what system is now used to name organisms?

A

the binomial nomenclature.

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15
Q

how should the scientific name be presented?

A
  • in italics. (underline the name on a handwritten document.)
  • the first letter of the genus name should be uppercase, but not any other letter.
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