Classification Flashcards
Describe how a DNA profile is made from this small sample of DNA
Multiple copies of DNA made using PCR
Process of Gel elctrophoresis
How are DNA profiles compared?
Total number of bands
Position of bands
Comparing size of bands
Explain how organisms can be classified into taxonomic groups.
Organisms with similar characteristics are placed in a group
Characteristics are assessed via molecular phylogeny
How did Woese communicate his finding to the scientific community?
Peer review
Repeating experiment to confirm that findings is valid
Woese suggested that organisms could be placed in taxonomic groups based on
molecular phylogeny. Explain what is meant by this statement.
Organisms with similar characteristics are placed in the same group
Taxonomic groupings have specific differences
Molecular phyolgeny describes evolutionary relationships
and it is also based ff of simmilarites and differences in DNA
Why do species not interbreed?
Reproductive isolation
Different mating calls
Machanically isolated
Suggest why the rate of change in the appearance of these two species is
relatively slow.
Well adapted to their enviornment
No mutations have happened to cause a chnage in phenotype
No changes in frequency of allele in gene pool
Little change to enviornemnt
Describe how you would recognise the Golgi apparatus as seen using an
electron microscope.
Stacks of cisternae
Smooth membrane
No ribosomes
Cisternae curved
Explain the roles of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus in
a cell.
Ribosome produces proteins Ribosome binds to RER Proteins stroed in RER RER packages proteins in vesicles Vesicles fuse with golgi appratus Golgi modifies e.g glycoprotein carbohydrate added Golgi produces lysosomes
Describe the structure of a plant cell wall.
Insoluble cellulose Microfibrils cellulose molecules held togetehr by hyrodgen bonds Microfibirls bundle Hemicellulose Primary and secondary cell wall Lignin
Explain why there is likely to be a greater genetic diversity in the hybrid plants
than in either of the two separate species.
Different alleles in two populations
Each species adapted to different enviornement
Different mutations in different populations
Hybrid receives alleles from both species
Explain how the two different species of Rhododendron on Yakushima Island may
have evolved from a single population of an ancestral species
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