Classical Conditioning Flashcards
Habituation
respond LESS strongly to stimulus after repeating exposure
Non-associative learning
not classical conditioning
Sensitization
respond MORE strongly to a stimulus after repeating exposure
Non-associative learning
not classical conditioning
Classical Conditioning Variables
Unconditioned stimulus (US)- innate stimulus Unconditioned response (UR)- innate response Conditioned stimulus (CS)- neutral stimulus Conditioned response (CR)- similar to response but now elicited by previously neutral stimulus
US–>UR =innate reflex
US+CS–>UR =training
CS–>CR =conditioned
Quail Sex Conditioning
Exposure to female (US) innately produces arousal (UR)
CS is a tone or light, initially neutral
After pairing CS with US, CS comes to produce approach towards door where female is (CR)
US–> female
UR–> excitement (innate)
CS–> tone or light (initially neutral)
CR–> excited so move towards door
Odor Conditioning
Fly experiment
US–> exposure to shock
UR–> escape or avoidance (innate)
CS–> odor (initially neutral)
CR–> escape or avoidance
works with only 1 trial
Aversive conditioning
eye blink experiment
new CS–>CR reflex helps avoid noxious US
prepares for avoidance of the unconditioned stimulus
US–> puff of air
UR–> eyeblink (innate)
CS–> tone or light (initially neutral)
CR–> gradually closes eyes
Extinction
breaking the association between the CS and US can eliminate the conditioned response
doesn’t go away completely, just inhibits it
Spontaneous recovery
after a CS-US connection has been broken, it can come back spontaneously
this suggests that the classically conditioned memory survived extinction
Classical conditioning rules
timing
blocking
latent inhibition
associative bias
all are things that are in the black box
Timing
a classical conditioning rule
backwards- no learning
delay conditioning–>best learning
trace conditioning- longer or shorter interstimulus intervals (ISI’s)–> worst learning
Blocking
prior conditioning blocks new stimulus
blocks out the newest stimulus
knows the sound bc it gets fed when the noise happens
introduced light and it means nothing
pre-trained on another stimulus and therefore 2nd stimulus means nothing
Latent Inhibition
prior unlinked CS (bell) has become normal and means nothing) and therefore no learned response
pre exposed to the conditioned stimulus (bell)
then paired with unconditioned stimulus (food)
bell means nothing bc it has habituated to it (got used to the bell)
Associate Bias
blame on something you have a bias towards
tone+taste with poison, only taste provokes CR
it technically should be the tone that is creating the CR
Rescorla-Wagner
US module approach- learning changes processes of the US
organisms try to anticipate important events from stimuli around them
each stimulus has a weight (V) for predicting a US
when prediction is wrong, weights are adjusted
error=expected-actual
overall cannot account for latent inhibition
Mackintosh
focuses on attention and CS processing
prior repeated exposure with no consequences decreases attention to the sound–> form of habituation
latent inhibition, pre-exposure decreases attention
