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Rapid Review > Classic Presentations I > Flashcards

Classic Presentations I Flashcards

1
Q

Achilles tendon xanthoma

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)

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2
Q

Arachnodactyly,
lens dislocation,
aortic dissection,
hyperflexible joints

A

Marfan’s syndrome (fibrillin defect)

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3
Q

Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

Pott’s disease (vertebral TB)

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4
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy

A

Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)

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5
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)

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6
Q

Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

A

Paget’s disease of bone (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

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7
Q

Butterfly facial rash and Raynaud’s phenomenon in a young female

A

SLE

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8
Q

Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration

A

Huntington’s disease (autosomal-dominant CAG repeat expansion)

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9
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothyroidism

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10
Q

Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

A

Internuclear opthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; bilateral [MS]; unilateral [stroke])

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11
Q

Dark purple skin/mouth nodules

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma (usually AIDS patients [MSM]; associated w/ HHV8)

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12
Q

Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

Pellagra (niacin [vitamin B3] deficiency)

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13
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism/malnutrition

A

Wet beriberi (thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency)

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14
Q

Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

A

Sjogren’s syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)

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15
Q

Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

A

Measles (Morbillivirus)

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16
Q

Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

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17
Q

Hyperreflexia hypertonia, Babinksi sign presnt

A

UMN damage

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18
Q

Hyporreflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasiculations

A

LMN damage

19
Q

Hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

A

Blue bloater (chronic bronchitis, hyperplasia of mucous cells)

20
Q

Large rash with bull’s eye appearance

A

Erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite (Lyme disease: Borrelia).

21
Q

Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury

A

Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)

22
Q

Neonate with arm paralysis following a difficult birth

A

Erb-Duchenna palsy (superior trunk [C5-C6] brachial plexus injury: waiter’s tip)

23
Q

Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia

A

MS

24
Q

Painful blue fingers/toes hemolytic anemia

A

Cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)

25
Q

Painful, pale, cold fingers/toes

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon (vasospasm in extremities)

26
Q

Pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation

A

Pink puffer (emphysema: centriacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency])

27
Q

Positive anterior drawer sign

A

ACL injury

28
Q

Pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar papules and plaques

A

Lichen planus

29
Q

Ptosis. miosis, anhidrosis

A

Horner’s syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)

30
Q

Pupil accommodates but doesn’t react

A

Argyll Robertson pupil (neurosyphilis)

31
Q

Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/URI

A

Guillain Barre syndrome (acute autoimmune demyelinating polyneuropathy

32
Q

Red currant jelly sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patient

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

33
Q

Resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability

A

Parkinson’s disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)

34
Q

Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility

A

Kartagener’s syndrome ( dyne in arm defect affecting cilia)

35
Q

Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa w/ blue-white centers

A

Koplik spots (muscles; rubeola virus)

36
Q

Sudden swollen.painful big toe joint, tophi

A

Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)

37
Q

Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin

A

Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency; can’t hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis

38
Q

Bouchard’s nodules

A

osteophytes on PIP

39
Q

Heberden’s nodules

A

osteophytes on DIP

40
Q

Swollen, hard painful finger joints

A

Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP and DIP)

41
Q

Toe extension/fanning on plantar scrape

A

Babinski sign (UMN lesion)

42
Q

Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead

A

Facial nerve (LMN CN VII palsy)

43
Q

Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male

A

Reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27

44
Q

Worst headache of my life

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Rapid Review (4 decks)

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