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4th Year Reproduction > Classic Presentations > Flashcards

Classic Presentations Flashcards

1
Q

A patient having a miscarriage develops cramps, N&V, sweating and fainting

A

Cervical shock - resolves when products are removed

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2
Q

A <20 weeks pregnant patient presents with abdo pain and vaginal bleeding but on USS the os is closed

A

Threatened miscarriage

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3
Q

A <20 weeks pregnant patient presents with abdo pain and vaginal bleeding and on USS products are sited at the os

A

Inevitable miscarriage

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4
Q

A <20 weeks pregnant patient presents with abdo pain and vaginal bleeding and on USS only parts of the pregnancy are still in the uterus

A

Incomplete miscarriage

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5
Q

A <20 weeks pregnant patient presents with abdo pain and vaginal bleeding and on USS the uterus is empty

A

Complete miscarriage

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6
Q

A <20 weeks pregnant patient presents with abdo pain and vaginal bleeding and on USS there is a pregnancy in-situ with no heartbeat

A

Early fetal demise

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7
Q

A USS of a pregnant woman shows no fetus and an empty sac

A

Anembryonic pregnancy

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8
Q

A woman with a positive pregnancy test presents with abdominal and shoulder tip pain, minor vaginal bleeding, dizziness, pallor, guarding and rebound tenderness

A

Ectopic pregnancy

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9
Q

On USS, a pregnant woman with hyperemesis and fundus>dates is seen to have a snowstorm appearance of the uterus

A

Compete molar pregnancy

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10
Q

10 days post ovulation a sexually active woman presents with minor, light brown bleeding

A

Implantation bleeding - bleeding from fertilised egg when it implants in the uterine wall (usually settles and pregnancy continues)

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11
Q

On the USS of a woman with a threatened miscarriage, blood between the endometrium and embryo is seen

A

Chorionic haematoma

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12
Q

A pregnant woman presents with severe, continuous abdominal pain, a woody hard uterus and abnormal heart/irritable uterus on CTG

A

Placental abruption

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13
Q

A woman >24 weeks pregnant presents with painless bleeding and a soft uterus with a high presenting part. On USS the placenta is covering the internal os

A

Placenta praevia

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14
Q

A woman who has had a previous c-section and now has placenta praevia overlying the uterine scar experiences a severe PPH

A

Placenta accreta - a morbidly adherent placenta

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15
Q

A labouring woman who has had previous c-sections develops severe abdominal and shoulder tip pain, PV bleeding, peritonism and loss of contractions. The presenting part rises and the CTG shows fetal distress

A

Uterine rupture

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16
Q

A woman in late pregnancy experiences her waters breaking with sudden dark read bleeding. CTG shows fetal distress/death

A

Vasa previa - unprotected fetal vessels traverse the membranes below the presenting part over the internal cervical os

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17
Q

The newborn baby of a rhesus -ve mother develops severe jaundice / kernicterus (bilirubin induced brain dysfunction)

A

Rhesus disease / haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN)

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18
Q

A pregnant woman in her first trimester experiences excessive vomiting

A

Hyperemesis gravidarum

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19
Q

A pregnant woman presents with hypertension and swelling of the hands/face. Urinalysis shows protein

A

Pre-eclampsia

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20
Q

A woman in her last 3 months of pregnancy with pre-eclampsia develops general discomfort, severe abdominal pain, N&V, backache, headache/visual issues. Blood tests show haemolytic anaemia, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets

A

• HELLP Syndrome – Haemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, Low Platelets

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21
Q

A pregnant teenager presents with tonic-clonic seizure. She has no history of epilepsy but has hypertension and proteinuria on urinalysis

A

Eclampsia

22
Q

3-10 days after giving birth, the mother begins exhibiting signs of depression

A

Baby blues

23
Q

On weeks 1-6 after birth, the mother begins exhibiting signs of depression, estrangement from her baby and thoughts of parental inadequacy

A

Post-natal depression

24
Q

A pregnant woman pallor, tachycardia, sweating, nausea, hypotension and dizziness while lying on her back

A

Aortocaval compression

25
Q

A pregnant patient is found to be large for dates, with through investigation is shown to be due to excessive amniotic fluid

A

Polyhydramnios

26
Q

A premature baby experiences respiratory distress, worse at days 2-4

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

27
Q

A newborn experiences feeding intolerance and failure to thrive, increased gastric residuals, abdominal distension and bloody stools

A

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)

28
Q

A newborn whose parents are known carriers of CF hasn’t pooed within 48hrs of birth

A

Meconium Ileus - meconium secretion is abnormal and doesn’t pass

29
Q

A newborn vomits 7-8 hours after the first feed and develops abdominal distension as time goes on

A

Intestinal atresia - any congenital malformation of the structure of the intestine that causes bowel obstruction

30
Q

A newborn vomits green bile

A

Malrotation

31
Q

Obese woman (at either extreme of reproductive life) with menorrhagia and irregular periods

A

Anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding

32
Q

Woman aged 35-45 with regular periods and menorrhagia

A

Ovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding

33
Q

A woman has chronic abdominal pain, dyspareunia, and vaginal discharge

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

34
Q

A woman presents with pelvic pain, menorrhagia, dyspareunia, painful urination and defecation during menstruation and N&V/constipation/diarrhoea/blood in the urine during menstruation

A

Endometriosis

35
Q

On examination of a woman with abnormal uterine bleeding, premenstrual pain, dysparenunia and subfertility, you feel a tender mass with nodularity and tenderness behind the uterus

A

Endometritis

36
Q

What gynecological condition must you rule out in a non-pregnant woman presenting with acute onset of lower abdominal pain, followed by nausea and vomiting

A

Ovarian torsion

37
Q

A woman presents with an intensely itchy vagina with cottage cheese like, odourless white discharge and pain while urinating

A

Candida/thrush

38
Q

A woman presents with bubbly discharge that smells like fish

A

Bacterial vaginosis

39
Q

A man presents with mild, milky discharge from the penis and dysuria

A

Chlamydia

40
Q

A man presents with purulent, green discharge and dysuria

A

Gonorrhoea

41
Q

A man presents with a painless lesion on the penis

A

Syphilis stage 1

42
Q

A man presents with a rash on his palms/soles/snail track mouth ulcers/lymphadenopathy/flu-like symptoms/patchy alopecia

A

Syphilis stage 2

43
Q

A patient presents with painful, shallow ulcers on the genitals that are easily deroofed

A

Genital herpes

44
Q

A patient presents with fever/maculopapular rash/myalgia/pharyngitis/aseptic meningitis

A

Primary HIV

45
Q

A woman presents with smooth, discrete, free-moving lumps and sudden pain that follows the menstrual cycle

A

Fibrocystic change

46
Q

A woman presents with a painless, firm, discrete, mobile mass in the brease

A

Fibroadenoma

47
Q

A breastfeeding mother presents with a painless lump

A

Galactocele

48
Q

A woman who has just been in a car accident presents with breast lumps

A

Fat necrosis

49
Q

A woman who smokes presents with breast pain and green purulent discharge

A

Duct ectasia

50
Q

A breastfeeding mother presents with red, inflamed breasts

A

Acute mastitis

4th Year Reproduction (5 decks)

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