Classic Presentations Flashcards
abdominal pain
ascites
hepatomegaly
budd chiari syndrome
post hepatic venous thrombosis
Achilles tendon xanthoma
familial hypercholesterolemia
decreased LDL receptor signaling
Adrenal hemorrhage
hypotension
DIC
waterhouse-friedrichson syndrome
meningococcemia
**saw this in UWORLD
positive anterior ‘‘drawer sign’’
anterior cruciate ligament injury
**saw this in UWORLD
arachnodactyly (fingers are long and slender vrs palm)
lens dislocation
aortic dissection
hyperflexible joints
marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect/chromosome 14)
athlete with polycythemia
secondary to EPO injection
back pain
fever
night sweats
weight loss
Pott’s disease
vertebral TB
bilateral hilar adenopathy
uveitis
sarcoidosis
noncaseating granulomas
blue sclera
osteogenesis imperfecta
(type I collagen defect)
path notes also said ehlers i think ~bk check this
Bluish line on gingiva
burton line
lead poisoning
Bone pain
bone enlargement
arthritis
paget disease of bone
increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity (remember phases — check this BK**)
bounding pulses
diastolic heart murmur
head bobbing
aortic regurgitaiton
remember clinical signs for bounding pulse - de quinkes, mussets, etc **fill in here
butterfly facial rash
raynaud phenomenon
young female
Systemic lupus erythematous
cafe au lait spots lisch nodules (iris hamartoma)
neurofibromatous type I (+pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas)
cafe au lait spots
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
precocious puberty
multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune-Albright Syndrome
mosaic G protein signaling mutation
* new = all first aid says, is example of mosaicism for genetics
Calf pseudohypertrophy
muscular dystrophy - most commonly Duchenne
XLR deletion of dystrophin gene
Cherry red spots on macula
Tay Sachs - ganglioside accumulation
OR
Niemann Pick - sphingomyelin accumulation
(central retinal artery occlusion)
Chest pain on exertion
angina
stable - with moderate exertion
unstable - with minimal exertion
**different than we learnt at sgu
Chest pain
pericardial effusion/friction rub
persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post MI fibrinous pericarditis; 1-12 weeks after acute episode)
Child uses arms to stand up from squat
Gowers sign - Duchenne muscle dystrophy
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
'’Slapped cheeks’’
erythema infectiosum/fifth disease/parvovirus B19
Chorea
dementia
caudate degeneration
Huntington disease
AD CAG repeat expansion
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
McArdle disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
cold intolerance
hypothyroidism
conjugate lateral gaze palsy
horizontal diplopia
internuclear opthalmoplegia
(damage to MLF)
if bilateral – think Multiple Sclerosis
if unilateral – think stroke
continuous ‘‘machine like’’ heart murmur
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
close with indomethacin, open or maintain with misoprostol
Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
myxedema
caused by hypothyroidism, grave disease - usually pretibial
dark purple skin/mouth nodules in pt with AIDs
Kaposi sarcoma
associate with HHV-8
deep, laboured breathing/ventilation
kussmaul respiration
@ diabetic ketoacidosis
Dermatitis
dementia
diarrhoea
BCHM flashback
Pellegra - niacin/vitamin B3 deficiency
remember NADH makes 3 ATP memory cue
dilated cardiomyopathy
oedema
alcoholism/malnutrition
Wet beriberi (thiamine/vitamin B1 deficiency)
dog or cat bite resulting in infection
pasteurella multocida
celulitis at inoculation site
dry eyes
dry mouth
arthritis
Sjogren syndrome (autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
dysphagia (esophageal webs)
glossitis
iron deficiency anaemia
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
elastic skin
hypermobility of joinrs
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
type III collagen defect
Enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
virchow node - abdominal metastases
remember krukenberg, sister mary joseph
erythroderma
lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly
atypical T cells
mycosis fungoides/cutaneous T cell lymphoma
OR
Sezary syndrome (mycosis fungiodes + malignant T cells in blood)
Facial muscle spasm upon tapping
Chvostek sign - hypocalcemia
Fat
female
forty
fertile
cholelithiasis
fever chills headache myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphillis
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction - rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release
new from SGU basic sciences
fever cough conjunctivitis coryza diffuse rash
measles
fever
night sweats
weight loss
B symtpoms (staging) of lymphoma
fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
peyronie disease (connective tissue disorder) **new from SGU**
gout
intellectual disability
self-mutilating behaviour
boy
lesch nyhan syndrome
HGPRT deficiency, XLR
green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
Kayser-Fleischer rings
copper accumulation in Wilson Disease
harmartomatous gi polyps
hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increased cancer risk - mainly gi
hepatosplenomegaly
osteoporosis
neurologic symptoms
Gaucher disease
gift wrap BCHM flash back with roho
(glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
hereditary nephritis
sensorineural hearing loss
cataracts
alport syndrome
mutation in collagen IV
hyperphagia
hypersexuality
hyperorality - inappropriate insertion of objects into mouth….
hyperdocility - agreeably submissive and manageable
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)
***flash back neuro term two and discussions wiht Tim
Hyperreflexia
hypertonia
babinski sign present
UMN lesion
hyporeflexia
hypotonia
atrophy
fasciculations
LMN lesion
hypoxemia
polycythemia
hypercapnia
'’blue bloater’‘/chronic bronchitis
hyperPLASIA of mucous cells
indurated, ulcerated genital lesion
non painful
1e syphillis/treponema pallidum
indurated, ulcerated genital lesion
painful
with exudate - chancroid/haemophilus ducreyi
infant cleft lip/palate microcephaly or holoprosencephaly polydactyly cutis aplasia - absence of a portion of skin over a given area(s)
Patau syndrome
Trisomy 13
infant
failure to thrive
hepatosplenomegaly
neurodegeneration
Niemann Pick disease
(genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)
**red cherry macula spot
infant
hypoglycemia
failure to thrive
hepatomegaly
Cori disease (debranchign enzyme) OR Von Gierke Disease (glucose 6 phosphate deficiency - more severe)
infant microcephaly rocker-bottom feet clenched hands structural heart defect
Edward Syndrome/Trisomy 18
remember neuro second term, roho and rebellious teen
jaundice
palpable distended non tender gallbladder
Courvoisier sign - distal obstruction of the biliary tree
large rash with bulls eye apperance
erythema chronicum migrans ixodes tick bite lyme disease borrelia **remember gossip girl**
lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
epidural hematoma
middle meningeal artery rupture (pterion)
male child
recurrent infections
no mature B cells
Bruton Disease/X-linked agammaglobulinemia
mucosal bleeding
prolonged bleeding time
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa)
muffled heart sounds
distended neck veins
hypotension
Beck triad of cardiac tamponade
Multiple colon polyps
osteomas/soft tissue tumors
impacted/supernumerary teeth
Gardner syndrome - subtype of FAP
myopathy/infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
exercise intolerance
Pompe disease (lysosomal alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency)
neonate
arm paralysis
difficulty breathing
Erb-Duchenne palsy/superior trunk C5C6 brachial plexus injury/’‘waiters tip’’
no lactation postpoartum
absent menstruation
cold intolerance
Sheehan syndrome/pituitary infarction
nystagmus
intention tremor
scanning speech
bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
multiple sclerosis
oscillating slow/fast breathing
Cheyne-Stokes respiration/central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure
painful blue fingers/toes
hemolytic anaemia
cold agglutinin disease
autoimmune hemolytic anaemia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mononucleosis
painful, pale, cold fingers/toes
Raynaud phenomenon - vasospasm in extremities
painful, raised red lesions on pad of fingers/toes
osler nodes
(infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)
*saad in cpd**
painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles
janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)
painless jaundice
cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct
palpable purpura on buttocks/legs
joint pain
abdominal pain (child)
hematuria
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys
Pancreatic tumor
Pituitary tumor
Parathyroid tumor
MEN I
AD
periorbital and/or peripheral edema
proteinuria
hypoalbuminemia
hypercholesterolemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Pink complexion
dyspnea
hyperventilation
'’pink puffer’‘/emphysema: centriacinar = smokine, panacinar = alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
polyuria renal tubular acidosis type II groeth failure electrolyte imbalances hypophosphatemic rickects
Fanconi syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)
pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques
6 Ps
Lichen planus
ptosis
miosis
anhydrosis
horner syndrome/sympathetic chain lesion
pupil accomodates but doesnt react
so will see pupil constrict when move finger towards nose but not to light
Argyll Robertson pupil/neurosyphillis
lady of the night, cpd :) <3 SGU
rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection
Guillian-Barre syndrome/acute autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
rash on palms and soles
coxsackie A OR secondary syphillis OR rock mountain spotted fever
recurrent colds
unusual eczema
high serum IgE
Hyper-IgE syndrome/Job syndrome - neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
red ‘‘currant jelly’’ sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients
Klebsiella pneumonia
Red ‘‘currant jelly’’ stools
acute mesenteric ischemia/adults
OR
intussusception/infants
new and gross
red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple/areola
paget disease of the breast
sign of underlying neoplasm
red urine in the morning
fragile RBCs
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
renal cell carcinoma (bilateral)
hemangioblastomas
angiomatosis
pheochromocytoma
von Hippel-Lindau disease
dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation
resting tremor
rigidity
akinesia
postural instability
parkinson disease (nigrostriatal dopamien depletion)
retinal hemorrhages with pale centres
roth spots (bacterial endocarditis) remember IVDU = staph aureus = tricuspid = UWORLD question
severe jaundice in neonate
Crigler-Najjar syndrome/congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinema
severe RLQ pain with palpation of LLQ
Rovsing sign
acute appendicitis
severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
McBurney sign
acute appendicitis
short stature
increased incidence of tumors/leukemia
aplastic anaemia
Fanconi anaemia
genetic loss of DNA crossline repair; often progresses to AML
single palmar crease
Down syndrome
UWORLD q
situs inversus
chronic sinusitis
bronchiectasis
infertility
Kartagener syndrome (dynein arm defect affecting cilia)
Skin hyperpigmentation
hypotension
fatigue
Addison disease (remember hyperpigmentation has to be primary/primary adrenocortical insufficiency causes increased ACTH and MSH production = tada, hoorah)
Slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
Becker muscular dystrophy
X linked missense mutation in dystrophin/less severe than Duchenne
small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white cenres
Koplik spots @ measles, rubeola virus
Smooth, flat, moist, painless white lesions on genitals
condylomata lata/secondary syphillis
splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
bacterial endocarditis
strawberry tongue
scarlet fever
kawasaki disease
toxic shock syndrome
streak ovaries congenital heart disease horseshoe kidney cystic hydroma at birth short stature webbed neck lymphedema
Turner Syndrome
45 XO
sudden swollen/painful bit toe
tophi
Gout/podagra = hyperuricemia
swollen gums
mucosal bleeding
poor wound healing
petechiae
scurvy/vitamin C deficeincy - cant hydrosylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis
remember BCHM Roho debate
swollen, hard, painful fingertips
osteosarthritis
opstophyes on PIP - Bouchard – remember CPD Blood Pressure + osteophytes on DIP - Heberden nodes
systolic ejection murmur/crescendo-decrescendo
aortic valve stenosis
thyroid tumour
parathyroid tumour
pheochromocytoma
MEN 2A
AD
ret mutation
thyroid tumor
pheochromocytoma
ganglioneuromatosis
MEN 2B
AD
ret mutation
toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
babinski sign
UMN lesion
unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
facial nerve
LMN CN VII palsy
urethritis
conjunctivitis
arthritis
male
reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27
**remember janish/alvin: can’t pee, can’t see, can’t climb a tree @ ICM
vascular birthmark (port wine stain)
hemangioma
bening, but associated with struge-weber syndrome
vomiting blood following gastroesophageal lacerations
mallory-weiss syndrome
@ alcoholic and bulimic paitnets
weight loss diarrhoea arthritis fever adenopathy
whipple disease
tropheryma whipplei
*remember super pink picture, looks liek art ;) *
'’worst headache of my life’’
subarachnoid hemorrhage
