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Classic Presentations > Classic Presentations > Flashcards

Classic Presentations Flashcards

0
Q

Achilles’ tendon

Xanthoma

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia ( decrease in LDL receptor)

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1
Q

Abdominal pain
As cites
Hepatomegaly

A

Budd chiari syndrome (postheptatic venous thrombosis)

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2
Q

Adrenal hemorrhage
DIC
hypotension

A

Waterhouse friederson syndrome

Caused by n. Meningitis which is gram negative diplococci, oxidase positive, non encapsulated

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3
Q

Anterior drawer sign positive

A

Anterior crucially ligament injury

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4
Q

Arachnodactyly
Lens dislocation
Aortic dissection
Hyper flexible joints

A 
Marfan syndrome 
(Fibrillin defect)
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5
Q

Athlete with polycythemia

A

Secondary to erythropoietin injection

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6
Q

Back pain
Fever
Night sweats
Weight loss

A

Pott disease (vertebral tb)

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7
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy

Uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)

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8
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta (type 1 collagen defect)

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9
Q

Bluish line on gingiva

A

Burton line (lead poisoning)

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10
Q

Bone pain
Bone enlargement
Arthritis

A

Paget disease of bone (increase in oateoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

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11
Q

Bounding pulses
Diastolic heart murmurs
Head bobbing

A

aortic regurgitation

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12
Q

Butterfly facial rash

Raynaud phenomenon in young female

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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13
Q 
Cafe au lait spots 
Lisch nodules ( iris harmatoma)
A

Neufibromatous type 1

Plus pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas

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14
Q

Cafe au lait spots
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Precocious puberty
Multiple endocrine abnormalities

A

Mccune Albert syndrome (mosaic G protein signaling mutation)

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15
Q

Calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne)

There is no dystrophin gene - x linked recessive deletion

Common sign is Gower’s sign

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16
Q

Cherry red spots on macula

A

Tay Sachs disease ( ganglioside accumulation)

Niemann pick Disease ( spingomyelin accumulation)

Central retinal artery occlusion

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17
Q

Chest pain on exertion

A

Angina

  • stable is with moderate exertion
  • unstable is with minimal or no exertion
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18
Q

Chest pain
Pericardial effusion/friction rub
Persistent fever following MI

A

Dressler syndrome (autoimmune mediated post MI fibrinous pericarditis

1-12 weeks after acute episode

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19
Q

Child uses arms to stand up from squat

A

Gower’s sign

- seen in Duchenne

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20
Q

Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body

A

Parvovirus B19
(Erythema infectiosum/fifth disease)

“Slapped cheeks”

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21
Q

Chorea
Dementia
Caudate degeneration

A 
Huntington disease 
(Autosomal dominant with a repeated CAG expansion)
22
Q

Chronic exercise intolerance

With myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

A 
McArdle disease 
(Muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency)
23
Q

Cold intolerance

A

Hypothroidism

24
Q

Continuous “machine like” heart murmur

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

Close with indometacin
Open with misoprostol

25
Q

Conjugate lateral gaze palsy

HoriZontal Diplopia

A

Inter nuclear opthalmoplegia
(Damage to MLF
Bilateral multiple sclerosis)
(Unilateral stroke)

26
Q

Dark purple skin/mouth nodules in patient with AIDs

A

Kaposi sarcoma

Associated with HHV 8

27
Q

Cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

A

Myxedema

Caused by Hypothyroidism and in Graves’ disease (pretibial

28
Q

Deep labored breathing /hyperventilation

A 
Kussmaul respirations 
(Diabetic ketoacidosis - metabolic acidosis)
29
Q

Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea

A

Pellagra

Niacin vitamin b3 deficiency

30
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy
Edema
Alcoholism
Malnutrition

A 
Wet beriberi 
(Thiamine (b1) deficiency)
31
Q

Dog or cat but resulting in infection

A

Pasturella multocida

Cellulitis at site of inoculation

32
Q

Dry eyes
Dry mouth
Arthritis

A 
Sjogren syndrome 
( autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
33
Q

Dysphasia (esophageal webs)
Glossitis
Iron deficiency anemia

A

Plummer Vinson syndrome

can lead to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

34
Q

Elastic skin

Hyper mobility of joints

A

Ehlers Danos syndrome (type 3 collagen defect)

35
Q

Enlarged, hard left supraventricular node

A

Virchow node ( abdominal metastasis)

36
Q

Erythroderma
Lymphadenopathy
Hepatospenomegaly
Atypical T cells

A

Mycosis fungiodes (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)

Sezary syndrome (Mycosis fungiodes and malignant T cells in blood)

37
Q

Facial muscle spasm upon tapping

A

Chvostek sign (in hypocalcemic)

38
Q

Fat
Female
Forty
Fertile

A

Cholelithiasis

Gallstones

39
Q

Fever, chills
Headache
Myalgia following antibiotic tx for syphillis

A

Jarisch Herxheimer reaction

Rapid lysis of spirochetes resulting in toxin release

40
Q

Fever
Night sweats
Weight loss

A

B symptoms
(Staging of lymphoma)
Hodgkin’s lymphoma usually results in b symptoms

41
Q 
Fever, cough 
Conjunctivitis 
Coryza
Diffuse rash 
Photophobia
A

Measles (Morbillivirus)

42
Q

Hyperplagia
Hyper sexuality
Hyperorality
Hyperdocility

A

Kluver bucy syndrome

bilateral amygdaloid lesion

43
Q

Hyper reflexia
Hypertonic
Babinski sign present

A

Upper motor neuron lesion

44
Q

Hyporeflexia
Hypotonia
Atrophy
Fasciculations

A

Lower motor neuron damage

45
Q

Hypoexneia
Polycythemia
Hypercapnia

A

“Blue bloater”

Chronic bronchitis - hyperplasia of mucous cells

46
Q

Indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Nonpainful - chancre - primary syphillis - treponema pallium

Painful, with exudate = chancroid
( haemophilus ducryei)

47
Q

Infant with cleft lip with palate
Microcephalic or holoprosencephaly
Polydactyly
Cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome

Trisomy 13

48
Q

Fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis

A

Peyronie’s disease (connective tissue disorder)

49
Q

Gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in a boy

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, X-linked recessive)

– reduced ability to utilize vit B12 –> macrocytic anemia and show hypersegmented neutrophils

50
Q

Green yellow rings around peripheral cornea

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings (copper accumulation from Wilson’s disease)

51
Q

Hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (inherited, benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction; increased cancer risk, mainly GI)

52
Q

Heptaosplenomeglay, osteroporosis, neurologic symptoms

A

Gaucher’s disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)

53
Q

Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts

“I can’t see, I can’t hear, I can’t pee”

A

Alport Syndrome (mutation in alpha chain of collagen IV)

“Strong, slippery, bloody, BM”

Classic Presentations (2 decks)

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